How This Book Is OrganizedThe book contains information that covers the broad range of the Arduino’s capabili-ties, from basic concepts and common tasks to advanced technology. Each techniqueis explained in a recipe that shows you how to implement a specific capability. You donot need to read the content in sequence.Chapter 1, Getting Started, introduces the Arduino environment and provides help ongetting the Arduino development environment and hardware installed and working.The next couple of chapters introduce Arduino software development. Chapter 2,Making the Sketch Do Your Bidding, covers essential software concepts and tasks, andChapter 3, Using Mathematical Operators, shows how to make use of the most commonmathematical functions.Chapter 4, Serial Communications, describes how to get Arduino to connect and com-municate with your computer and other devices. Serial is the most common methodfor Arduino input and output, and this capability is used in many of the recipesthroughout the book.Chapter 5, Simple Digital and Analog Input, introduces a range of basic techniques forreading digital and analog signals. Chapter 6, Getting Input from Sensors, builds on thiswith recipes that explain how to use devices that enable Arduino to sense touch, sound,position, heat, and light.Chapter 7, Visual Output, covers controlling light. Recipes cover switching on one ormany LEDs and controlling brightness and color. This chapter explains how you candrive bar graphs and numeric LED displays, as well as create patterns and animations
with LED arrays. In addition, the chapter provides a general introduction to digital and
analog output for those who are new to this.
Chapter 8, Physical Output, explains how you can make things move by controlling
motors with Arduino. A wide range of motor types are covered: solenoids, servo motors,
DC motors, and stepper motors.
Chapter 9, Audio Output, shows how to generate sound with Arduino through an out-put device such as a speaker. It covers playing simple tones and melodies and playing
WAV files and MIDI.
Chapter 10, Remotely Controlling External Devices, describes techniques that can be
used to interact with almost any device that uses some form of remote controller, in-cluding TV, audio equipment, cameras, garage doors, appliances, and toys. It builds
on techniques used in previous chapters for connecting Arduino to devices and
modules.
Chapter 11, Using Displays, covers interfacing text and graphical LCD displays. The
chapter shows how you can connect these devices to display text, scroll or highlight
words, and create special symbols and characters.
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Chapter 12, Using Time and Dates, covers built-in Arduino time-related functions and
introduces many additional techniques for handling time delays, time measurement,
and real-world times and dates.
Chapter 13, Communicating Using I2C and SPI, covers the Inter-Integrated Circuit
(I2C) and Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI) standards. These standards provide simple
ways for digital information to be transferred between sensors and Arduino. This chap-ter shows how to use I2C and SPI to connect to common devices. It also shows how to
connect two or more Arduino boards, using I2C for multiboard applications.
Chapter 14, Wireless Communication, covers wireless communication with XBee. This
chapter provides examples ranging from simple wireless serial port replacements to
mesh networks connecting multiple boards to multiple sensors.
Chapter 15, Ethernet and Networking, describes the many ways you can use Arduino
with the Internet. It has examples that demonstrate how to build and use web clients
and servers and shows how to use the most common Internet communication protocols
with Arduino.
Arduino software libraries are a standard way of adding functionality to the Arduino
environment. Chapter 16, Using, Modifying, and Creating Libraries, explains how to
use and modify software libraries. It also provides guidance on how to create your own
libraries.
Chapter 17, Advanced Coding and Memory Handling, covers advanced programming
techniques, and the topics here are more technical than the other recipes in this book
because they cover things that are usually concealed by the friendly Arduino wrapper.
The techniques in this chapter can be used to make a sketch more efficient—they can
help improve performance and reduce the code size of your sketches.
Chapter 18, Using the Controller Chip Hardware, shows how to access and use hard-ware functions that are not fully exposed through the documented Arduino language.
It covers low-level usage of the hardware input/output registers, timers, and interrupts.
Appendix A, Electronic Components, provides an overview of the components used
throughout the book.
Appendix B, Using Schematic Diagrams and Data Sheets, explains how to use schematic
diagrams and data sheets.
Appendix C, Buildin
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