IntroductionA recurring problem often faced in the industry of oil productionis the deposition of mineral scale on the surface of productionequipment, which leads to significant reductions in productivityand costly repairs if allowed to form uncontrolled. Some oilfieldsaround the world have scale problems because of water floodingwhere calcium, barium and strontium sulfate scales have beenfound in surface and subsurface production equipment [1,2].Water flooding is an important oil recovery method, which isused to maintain reservoir pressure and to increase oil productivity.Sulfate scaling may occur in case seawater containing barium,strontium or both is injected into sandstone formations [1,3].The formation of barite and other insoluble scale types (metalsulfates, calcium carbonate and silicates) occurs when incompatibletypes of water (injected seawater and formation water) aremixed in the reservoir, interacting chemically and precipitatingminerals [1,3,4]. Since seawater contains high concentration ofsulfate anions and formation water contains high concentration ofcalcium, strontium and barium cations, mixing them causesformation of sulfate scales such as calcium sulfate, strontiumsulfate and barium sulfate [3,5,6].Scale depositions limit and sometimes block oil and gasproduction by plugging the oil-producing formation matrix.It can also plug production lines and equipment and impair fluid
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