Xanthan gum is a natural polysaccharide and an important industrial biopolymer. It wasdiscovered in the 1950s at the Northern Regional Research Laboratories (NRRL) of theUnited States Department of Agriculture (Margaritis and Zajic, 1978). The polysaccharide B-1459, or xanthan gum, produced by the bacterium Xanthomonas campestris NRRL B-1459was extensively studied because of its properties that would allow it to supplement otherknown natural and synthetic water-soluble gums. Extensive research was carried out inseveral industrial laboratories during the 1960s, culminating in semicommercial production asKelzan1 by Kelco1. Substantial commercial production began in early 1964. Today, themajor producers of xanthan are Merck and Pfizer the United States, Rho Ãne Poulenc andSanofi-Elf in France, and Jungbunzlauer in Austria.
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