6.9.6 Monitoring of Land SubsidenceSeveral types of data are required in monitoring land subsidence. Wells are required to monitor water levels at multiple levels, and extensometer wells are required to measure sediment compaction. Borehole data, including inclinometer measurements, lithographic and geophysical data, and geotechnical data, are also collected. The water-level monitoring wells are constructed with multiple or nested piezometers at different depths, as illustrated in Figure 6.9.13, to monitor water levels in the multiple zones in the partially confined aquifer as a function of time. Submersible pressure transducers are installed to measure water levels in each of the nested piezometers.
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