Previous study used different distances from the TC centerto define TC-induced rainfall. Englehart and Douglas (2001)found that in 90% of cases over western Mexico, TC rainfalloccurs within 600 km from the center of the TC. Gleason (2006)estimated the characteristics of TC rainfall in the United Statesbased on a simple partition method to consider rainfall associatedwith TCs. He treated any rainfall less than or equal to 600 kmfrom the center of the storm as TC rainfall. Kubota and Wang(2009) assumed that the daily rainfall as a function of the distancebetween the TC center and stations and TC-induced rainfall couldbe estimated from station data when a TC was located within theradius of influence (1000 km). Hattori et al. (2010) showed thecontribution of TCs to the seasonal change patterns of rainfall inthe WNP, based on the Japanese 25-year Reanalysis (JRA-25) andJapan Meteorology Agency Climate Data Assimilation System(JRA-25/JCDAS) dataset (Onogi et al. 2007). In their study, TCrainfall was defined as the rainfall within 500 km of the center ofthe TC.In this study, we used the distance of 600 km from the TCcenter to the station to investigate the TC rainfall contribution tothe total rainfall (same as in Gleason 2006). The individual TCrainfall values were summed for each month at selected stations.The non-TC rainfall was defined as the difference between thetotal rainfall and the TC rainfall, while the TC rain ratio wasdefined as the TC rainfall divided by the total rainfall. In addition,heavy rainfall events caused by TCs were defined as days inwhich the daily rainfall amount exceeded 50 mm day−1 (TC_R50).In fact, 50 mm day−1 is the heavy rainfall threshold currently usedby the forecasters of the National Center for Hydro-MeteorologicalForecasting of Vietnam, similar to the criteria of the CentralWeather Bureau of Taiwan (Chen et al. 2007). TC_R50 ratio wasdefined as TC_R50 divided by the total heavy rainfall days (thesum of TC_R50 and non TC_R50). Finally, the TC frequency wasdefined as the number of TCs that approached the station withinthe 600 km distance from the TC center.In order to study the linkages of TC rainfall with ENSO years(Section 3.2), we used the bootstrapping technique detailed by
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