The limitations that can be appoint

The limitations that can be appointed in this research
include the size of the initially recruit sample to assess the
instrument, which was minimized by the choice of the
item assessment method, in view of the obtained results.
Besides, the sample comprised senior Nursing students,
although professionally active nurses would be desirable.
This procedure was adopted due to the fact that literature
on the theme suggests that scales under development
be initially applied to students representative of the final
population for whom the instrument is being constructed.
In this sense, it was constructed for nurses and other
health professionals, due to easy and rapid data collection(
18). Despite these limitations, one cannot lose out of
sight that this is a preliminary study and that the scale
needs to be applied to other samples of nurses and other
health professionals, which is already happening and will
give rise to new publications on the validity and application
of the scale presented here as, in this study, it was
limited to a preliminary exploration of the scale’s psychometric
properties through the analysis of its items.
Nevertheless, this study is important, mainly when considering
the contemporary reality, which raises care delivery
to patients with alcohol and other drugs-related problems
as a new challenge for health care practice. Besides,
the Ministry of Health itself acknowledges that health professionals’
attitudes, allied with a lack of knowledge and
preparation to act on this problem have resulted in low
detection levels of these problems. These represent an
obstacle for professionals’ more effective action, demanding
research on the theme, also regarding the availability
of reliable instruments that are capable of identifying such
attitudes. Moreover, the use of the EAFAAA should not be
limited to the mere identification of attitudes; on the opposite,
the scale can be used to enhance professionals’
reflection when discussing their answers, hence analyzing
their attitudes towards the issue.
CONCLUSION
The analysis of the items in the Attitude Scale towards
Alcohol, Alcoholism and Alcoholics showed high internal
consistency, item-total correlation and Cronbach’s alpha
coefficients, which demonstrate its factor validity and
through which the instrument’s good psychometric parameters
can be affirmed, raising perspectives for future
research. Based on the premise of maintaining the most
representative items in the final scale version, 49% of items
from the initial version were eliminated. Nevertheless, the
scale is still extensive, demanding further research with a
view to offering a shorter scale with more refined psychometric
qualities. Although the scale has demonstrated its
reliability to measure attitudes towards alcohol, alcoholism
and alcoholics, further applications to health professional
and a consequent broadening of the sample are necessary
to improve the scale’s psychometric qualities and continue
its validation process in different populations.
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Acknowledgements
To the Center for Applied Statistics - CEA, University of São Paulo Institute of Mathematics and Statistics for cooperation
with the statistical analysis of study data.
Correspondence addressed

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Vargas d, Labate rc. trabalhar com pacientes alcoolistas: satisfaçãojan enfermeiros jan ropyaH qach geral. rev gaúcha enferm.2005; 26 (2): 252-60.6. happell b, taylor c. Negative attitudes towards clientsqay' related drug alcohol je: taS jonlu'meH DuHbe' vItu'.nurs aust n z j ment porgh Damo' ghaH. 2001; 10 (2): 87-96.7. berger m, wagner th, baker lc. yan internet 'ej stigmatizedillness. soc sci Med. 2005; 61 (8): 1821-7.8. g. Undergraduate Lopes rassool gh, Luis mav, carraro te.perceptions bIr mIw wIje'laHbe'chugh vaj HaDwI' substance lo' rachwI' 'ejquvHa'moHlu': brazilian position. j psychiatr ment porgh Damo' ghaH nurs.2006; 13 (1): 85-9.9. Vargas d, Luis mav. alcohol, alcoholism 'ej alcohol 'ej DaH DapummeH.conceptions 'ej attitudes rachwI' vo' porgh Damo' yoS basic ghaHbotlh. rev latino Am enferm. 2008; 16 (n.esp): 543-50.10. pimenta. cam, cruz dalm. crenças em dor crônica: validaçãofrente à dor para língua portuguesa Qu' inventário jan atitudes.rev Esc enferm usp. 2006; 40 (3): 365-73.11. biblioteca virtual em saúde. decs-descritores em ciênciasda saúde [internet]. são paulo; 2009 [citado 2009 dez. 15].disponível em: http://decs.bvs.br/12. pillon sc, dunn j, laranjeira rr. Attitudes Towards ghojmoqalcoholism: ghISDen factor poj wej commonly lo'.são paulo Med j. 1999; 116 (2): 1661-6.13. Vargas d, Labate rc. atitudes jan enfermeiros jan ropyaH qachgeral frente ao uso álcool e alcoolismo. rev Bras enferm.2006 tI 59 (1): 47-51.919 reduced version attitudes towards ghISDenalcohol, alcoholism je alcoholics: primary ghot'e'Vargas, drev Esc enferm usp2011; 45 (4): 912-9www.ee.usp.br/reeusp/14. Vargas d construção jan uma escala jan atitudes frente aoálcool, ao alcoolismo e ao alcoolista: estudo psicométrico[tese doutorado]. ribeirão preto: escola jan enfermagemjan ribeirão preto, universidade jan são paulo; 2005.15. streiner DL, norman gr. Health measurement ghISDen: practicalDev development je lo'. chu' york: oxfordben DuSaQ'a'Daq DawI' SoH Press; 2003.16. Vargas d, Luis mav. construção e validação jan uma escalajan atitudes frente ao álcool, ao alcoolismo e ao alcoolista.rev latino Am enferm. 2008; 16 (5): 895-902.17. pasquali l. taxonomia instrumentos psicológicos. qaStaHvIS:pasquali. l, organizador. instrumentos psicológicos: manualprático jan elaboração. brasília: labpam ghap ibapp; 1999. p. 27-35.18. spector QIt chaH juS ghaH. rating ghISDen construction summated: introduction.newbury park: jIvHa'wI'; 1992.acknowledgementApplied Statistics-cea, botlh yejHaD ben DuSaQ'a'Daq DawI' SoH são paulo Mathematics 'ej Statistics cooperationghaH statistical poj HaD De'.correspondence SoQ