where DG is the increase in surface free energy, DA is the increase in surface area,and g is the interfacial tension between the solid particles and the dispersionmedium. The smaller the DG is, the more thermodynamically stable is the suspension.Therefore, a system with very fine particles is thermodynamically unstable becauseof high total surface area. Thus, the system tends to agglomerate in order to reducethe surface area and thereby the excess free energy. Surface free energy may alsobe reduced to avoid the agglomeration of particles, which can be accomplishedby reducing interfacial energy. When a wetting agent is added to the suspensionformulation, it is adsorbed at the interface. This will result in a reduction of theinterfacial tension, making the system more stable.is the suspension. very finewhich can beWhen a wetting to the suspension formulationit is adsorbed at the interface
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