Photonic crystals (PCs) [1-3] are periodically patterned materials with a strong dielectriccontrast. The periodic structures forbid electromagnetic waves propagation within a frequencyrange, which is known as photonic bandgap (PBG). Because of these unique features, inrecent years optical devices based on photonic crystals have attracted great attention. Variouskinds of photonic crystal (PC) devices such as PC waveguides [4] and filters [5-7], have beenstudied so far due to their compactness and potential applications in photonic integratedcircuits and all-optical communication network.
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