328 Listeria, Listeriosis, and Food SafetyThe chance finding of L. monocytogenes in pâté obtained from a patient’s refrigerator also prompted a government health warning (May–June 1989) to at-risk consumers regarding pâté consumption. Following this warning and suspension of sales of pâté from manufacturer Y, the incidence of listeriosis declined dramatically (Figure 10.9). Further, a concurrent decline in infection by the two predominant subtypes was also observed. Last, in a 1990 survey of 626 pâté samples, the frequency of L. monocytogenes serotype 4b phage type 6,7 and 4b X-positive samples declined to 4%. In 1999, a small outbreak of invasive listeriosis in three U.S. states (New York, Connecticut, and Maryland) was attributed to consumption of pâté [11]. Eleven cases caused by an unusual subtype of serotype 4b were identified. Two patients had consumed the same brand of pâté, and a third had consumed an unknown brand of pâté. Based upon USDA–FSIS investigation findings,the company recalled approximately 400 pounds of pâté and other similar products produced frompoultry meat [17]. The recall was subsequently expanded to encompass approximately 80,000pounds of product [17].
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