In this brief essay, we considered

In this brief essay, we considered the potential of SPD techniques as a way to synthesize novel hybrid materials. General principles of SPD-induced synthesis were formulated, partly based on the existing literature. The focus on the TE in the examples considered only re
flects the particular experience of two of the authors with this particular SPD process. Obviously, each SPD technique has its own specifics and will contribute its own color to the palette of the SPD-induced synthesis.
Two possible pathways to producing hybrid materials by SPD were presented. One of them is based on embedding reinforcing inclusions, such as armor fibers, in a metal matrix and processing this hybrid material by SPD to achieve desirable inner architecture, while at the same time producing extreme grain refining. In broad terms, this approach wasalready discussed in the literature.We highlighted the possibilities of TE to realize this approach most effectively.The second pathway relies on the adsorption of atoms from a liquid or gaseous medium or a coating through the surface of the billet and their transport into its bulk during SPD processing. The formation of compositional patterns leading to local solute solution or dispersion strengthening, or even to chemical reactions, may be achievable by a synergetic effect of process-induced long-range material flow and accelerated diffusion. These mechanisms need to be understood for the materials engineer to be able to control such SPD-induced synthesis.
Specific examples of design of hybrid materials, particularly by embedding thin soft layers in a low-ductility UFG matrix (“artificial crystals”), were shown to be promising with regard to resistance to strain localizations and greatertolerance to overloads without sacri
ficing strength.
We trust that these ideas and the emerging paradigm of producing multi-scale nanostructured hybrid materials by SPD techniques will attract the interest of the SPD community, which is in search for new areas of application of these techniques that are reaching maturity