increasing back pressure.
Where the shot size limits the shaping cycle it is advisable to increase the revolution
number and to reduce the back pressure.
By satisfying the third requirement it is possible to reduce heating time in the
mould, and thus the cycle time can be reduced.
The fourth and the fifth requirements are closely interrelated. In parts of the
material where the temperature is higher, decomposition or cross-linking can begin.
To satisfy the previous requirements, an increase in the revolution number of the
screw is advisable, which is limited by the fourth and fifth requirements. The material
temperature is determined by the heat transmitted by the walls of the barrel and by
the heat of dissipation. (The latter is the heat evolved due to deformation in the case
of thermoplastics or elastomers, while in the case of thermosetting materials it is the
heat evolved due to friction against the walls of the barrel.) During phases of
transport and melting of the solid material, heat is transferred from the surface of the
barrel and from the surface of the screw to the plastic, in the melt-transporting zone,
this process is often reversed and heat is transferred from the polymer to the surface
of the barrel while the temperature of the plastic material becomes 15-35 °C higher
than the temperature of the barrel. The temperature of the melt upon exit from the
screw channel is given by:
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