1. "IN New York, people are always

1. "IN New York, people are always asking me the same question," Alexandrede Lesseps says: 'Why do you want to lend money to poor people indeveloping countries? ' Mr de Lesseps, 54, an international investmentbanker, has a ready answer. "The only way to solve the problems of povertyand terrorism in the world today," he says, "is through investment. " As a co-owner of BlueOrchard Finance, a corporate bank in Geneva, he is one of theleading figures in the world of microfinance. His firm manages a fund thatcurrently makes about $50 million in short-term loans to microcredit lendinginstitutions in more than 20 developing countries around the world, andBlueOrchard and its investors make a profit in the form of interest paymentson the loans that they make to such institutions.
2 Microfinance institutions typically make loans in amounts of $ 1,000 or lessto poor people in developing countries who are ignored by commercialbanks. As a rule, microcredit loans are not backed by collateral, leaving nomeans of financial recovery for the lender if they are not repaid. But leadingmicrocredit institutions claim that only five per cent of the loans they makeare never repaid. This compares with five to ten per cent in the consumerfinance industry for borrowers with bad credit histories. Just less than S500million is committed to microcredit loans worldwide, according toBlueOrchard's estimates. But Mr de Lesseps says he believes that today thetotal market for such loans may be nearly S3 billion.
3 He acknowledges that the aims of his microfinancing ventures are notpurely philanthropic. "The reason we lend money to poor people indeveloping countries is not only so that they can make money," he said, "butalso so that our investors can make money. " The latter, of course, have to behis primary concern. His involvement in microfinancing began a little over twoyears ago, when a Swiss banker and friend approached him about investingin BlueOrchard, which was founded by microfinance specialists CedricLombard and Jean-Philippe de Shrevel, one-time employees of the UnitedNations.
4 When de Lesseps and his team arrive in a country, they visit the centralbank or leading aid institutions, the ones generally doing microfinancing.Later, on-site research often takes them to interior villages, where familiesmay live on less than S10 a month. "I visited a village in Cambodia where thepeople used micro-credit loans to buy irrigation equipment and seed, whichthey use to grow vegeta-bles," Mr de Lesseps said. "They are now selling thevegetables to exporters and to a local hotel. Such villages are beingtransformed from dust to being productive. You don't ask for collateral on theloans because they don't have it. But they will die to pay you back becauseyou are giving them a first-time chance. It's a matter of pride. "
5 BlueOrchard typically charges two to seven percentage points more thanLibor, the international benchmark for interest rates, for loans to localmicrocredit institutions, which then charge rates to their borrowers based onassessments of risk factors. "I know that sounds pretty high," Mr de Lessepssaid. "But you have to remember that odier forms of locally available creditare five times higher than that. "
6 Mr de Lesseps said he believed that 80 per cent of the potential formicrofinancing worldwide remained untapped, and that the industry wouldeasily be able to absorb more than $10 billion. "For me, the only way to makea difference," he said, "is to make sure that the money going to developingcountries is properly managed and not just thrown away. "

Kết quả (Việt) 1:

1. "IN New York, people are always asking me the same question," Alexandrede Lesseps says: 'Why do you want to lend money to poor people indeveloping countries? ' Mr de Lesseps, 54, an international investmentbanker, has a ready answer. "The only way to solve the problems of povertyand terrorism in the world today," he says, "is through investment. " As a co-owner of BlueOrchard Finance, a corporate bank in Geneva, he is one of theleading figures in the world of microfinance. His firm manages a fund thatcurrently makes about $50 million in short-term loans to microcredit lendinginstitutions in more than 20 developing countries around the world, andBlueOrchard and its investors make a profit in the form of interest paymentson the loans that they make to such institutions. 2 Microfinance institutions typically make loans in amounts of $ 1,000 or lessto poor people in developing countries who are ignored by commercialbanks. As a rule, microcredit loans are not backed by collateral, leaving nomeans of financial recovery for the lender if they are not repaid. But leadingmicrocredit institutions claim that only five per cent of the loans they makeare never repaid. This compares with five to ten per cent in the consumerfinance industry for borrowers with bad credit histories. Just less than S500million is committed to microcredit loans worldwide, according toBlueOrchard's estimates. But Mr de Lesseps says he believes that today thetotal market for such loans may be nearly S3 billion.3 ông thừa nhận rằng mục tiêu của dự án microfinancing của ông là notpurely từ thiện. "Lý do chúng tôi cho vay tiền để người nghèo indeveloping quốc gia là không chỉ vì vậy mà họ có thể kiếm tiền," ông nói, "butalso để các nhà đầu tư có thể kiếm tiền." Sau đó, tất nhiên, phải mối quan tâm chính behis. Sự tham gia của ông trong microfinancing bắt đầu một chút trong twoyears trước, khi một chủ ngân hàng Thụy sĩ và người bạn tiếp cận với ông về investingin BlueOrchard, được thành lập bởi các chuyên gia tài chính vi mô CedricLombard và Jean-Philippe de Shrevel, các nhân viên thời gian của các UnitedNations. 4 khi de Lesseps và nhóm của ông đến một quốc gia, họ truy cập vào centralbank hoặc hàng đầu hỗ trợ tổ chức, những người thường làm microfinancing. Sau đó, ngay trong khuôn viên nghiên cứu thường sẽ đưa họ đến làng nội thất, nơi familiesmay sinh sống trên chưa đầy S10 một tháng. "Tôi viếng thăm một ngôi làng ở Campuchia nơi thepeople được sử dụng vi tín dụng cho vay để mua thiết bị thủy lợi và hạt giống, whichthey sử dụng để phát triển vegeta-bles," ông de Lesseps nói. "Họ bây giờ bán thevegetables để xuất khẩu và một khách sạn địa phương. Như vậy là beingtransformed từ bụi để được sản xuất. Bạn không yêu cầu tài sản thế chấp ngày theloans vì họ không có nó. Nhưng họ sẽ chết để trả cho bạn trở lại bởi vì bạn đang cấp cho họ một cơ hội đầu tiên-thời gian. Nó là một vấn đề của niềm tự hào. "5 BlueOrchard typically charges two to seven percentage points more thanLibor, the international benchmark for interest rates, for loans to localmicrocredit institutions, which then charge rates to their borrowers based onassessments of risk factors. "I know that sounds pretty high," Mr de Lessepssaid. "But you have to remember that odier forms of locally available creditare five times higher than that. "6 Mr de Lesseps said he believed that 80 per cent of the potential formicrofinancing worldwide remained untapped, and that the industry wouldeasily be able to absorb more than $10 billion. "For me, the only way to makea difference," he said, "is to make sure that the money going to developingcountries is properly managed and not just thrown away. "