3. DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION PHASINGThere are some environments in which short-term facilities may be needed quickly, without an ability to at once ensure the provision of complete facilities. These include post-conflict or post-disaster situations, as well as environments where the government may need assistance to effectively control the country.If, for any reason, all the necessary facilities cannot be finished at once, the challenge of masterplanning is to structure the development of the infrastructure in such a way that the prison functions effectively at each phase of construction and in the transitions between phases.Any short-term facilities will at least require water, sanitation, shelter, food preparation, a security barrier and perimeter controls, showers, laundry, power, and heating or ventilation, depending on the climate. If long-term buildings will be added over time, careful consideration should be given to the suitability of the site for a transformation from a short-term to a permanent facility.Phased use of infrastructureIn light of the above, if will often make sense to also phase the use of infrastructure. For example, when allthe phases of construction are complete, a certain building will only be used for the administration of the prison. However, in the initial phases of construction, the same building may host a smaller administrative area while also housing the security department, guards, and a visitation area.
In other instances, the relative merits of an approach will have to be weighed against the possible alternatives. Consider a prison that houses prisoners in overcrowded dormitories and has only a small administrative area: a first phase of improvement may add more dormitory space before adding additional administrative space
and training and work programs; on the other hand, the negative effects of overcrowding can be mitigated by moving prisoners out of the dormitories, and so priority may be given to the development of workshops and farms, to allow prisoners to work while the second phase of improvements is in development. The overall improvement of prisoners’ well-being should drive decision making.
Prioritization of expansion
A transition from a short-term to a permanent facility may be phased in the following manner:
Phase 1
Phase 2
Phase 3
• Basic administration • More administration • Facilities for prison staff
• Toilets • Security administration and • More complete healthcare
• Shower control room facilities
• Cellblocks • Prisoner reception and • Education blocks
• Kitchen and food preparation processing area • Workshops
area • Visits area • Other accommodation
• Permanent security barrier • More cellblocks to support rehabilitation
• Security separation (to • Internal zoning activities (i.e. counselling
control prisoner movement) • Gatehouse and groupwork rooms)
• Basic healthcare
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