2. CADASTRAL DATABASE MANAGEMENTThe definition of a parcel varies according to the jurisdiction. For practical purposes, a parcel is a closed polygon on the surface of the Earth (United Nations 2004). Although the land parcel is identified as the building block of each land administration system, it might have originally been recorded by non-cadastral organisations. So far, cadastral data models relied on land parcels as their foundation. However, land parcels are a fallible organising tool, lacking sufficient flexibility to incorporate the increasing number and diversity of interests in land.Traditional cadastral models are directed at the management of immovable property for taxation purposes or the transfer of property rights. The cadastral survey, which consists of determining property limits, constitutes the foundation of this cadastral model and is the primary mandate of the Surveying Department. “Cadastral Management” is therefore defined as the fundamental framework that facilitates effective integration of the survey and registry components of the property rights infrastructure (Martínez, et al., 2000). Cadastral information must be developed, realized, and maintained. Accurate mapping based on legal descriptions is necessary for cadastres, which detail the ownership information for land parcels or properties. On top of that, governments are pressed to improve information exchange between departments within and between agencies.Cadastre managers and GIS professionals can use the ArcGIS parcel data model as a starting point for defining parcel information and for planning migration strategies from existing data designs to a geodatabase environment. The data model provides a quicker, less expensive solution to data migrations, the longest and costliest part of a GIS project. Decision makers can apply the model to integrate landownership information with other data. Land and GIS professionals can apply the definitions and structure of the model to establish consistent and representative parcel information for data distribution. The purpose of the ArcGIS parcel model is to describe parcel information to support local government and private sector decision making (Ian, 2010).
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