Variable measurement: PerformanceLiterature uses a number of different measures of firm s performance, these measure include accounting based measurement calculated from firm s financial statements such as ROA and ROE (eg. Majumdar and Chhibber, 1999; Abor, 2005, Saedi and Mahmoodi, 2009; Ebaid, 2009).Tobin s Q measures which mixed market values with accounting values (Zetun and Tian, 2007). This study uses two of common accounting based performance measures to evaluate the firm s performance , ROE which computed as the ratio of net profit to total equity and ROA which computed as the ratio of net profit to total assets.Financial leverageSimilar to previous literature (Abor, 2005, Abor, 2007, Saedi,2009, Ebaid, 2009) financial leverage was measured in the study by three ratios of short term debt to total assets (STD), the ratio of long term debt to total asset (LTD) and total debt to total asset (TD).Control variableRamaswammy, 2001; Frank and Goyal, 2003; Jermias, 2008, Ebaid, 2009, suggest that the firm s size may influence its performance; larger firm may have more capacity and capabilities. Therefore this study controls the differences in firm s operating environment by including the size variable in the model. Size is measured by the log of total assets of the firm and included in the model to control for effects of firm size on dependent variable.
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