from pigments based, notably, on ca

from pigments based, notably, on cadmium and the search is on to replace these
with others of equal effectiveness.
Table 6.1 At a glance: pigments, dyes, special effects
Function Colorants act either by absorbing parts of the spectrum and reflecting
other parts (solid pigments, dyes), or by transmitting only certain
wavelengths (transparent colours); these effects can be combined
with multi-layer structures, also using interference patterns to
achieve an effect
Properties affected Colour, appearance: some pigments can also give shielding against
UV light
Materials/characteristics Organic; inorganic; pearlescent; metallic; special effects
Disadvantages Can contaminate other materials/equipment unless kept separate or
used in dust-free/non-polluting form; migration if not correctly
compounded; thermal stability in processing at high temperatures:
replacement of heavy metals with pigments of comparable
performance
New developments Easier forms for use/incorporation in compounds; colour
concentrates, liquid colours; improved dispersibilty, better thermal
stability; replacement of heavy metals; introduction of new
chemistry
6.1 Main Types of Pigment and Colorant
Pigments are usually supplied as dry powders of various specific gravity and
bulking value. Care is needed in handling, not simply because of the cost of the
pigment, but also because it may present a dust hazard. Safe, dust-free
formulations are now the general rule, but with so many other priorities many
processors have clearly decided that colour is not their problem, and prefer to
buy material ready-coloured.
6.7.7 Mixed metal oxides
These pigments are synthetic minerals. The desired colour is achieved by
selecting specific metal oxides, based on metals such as chromium, nickel,
antimony, titanium, manganese, cobalt, aluminium, zinc, iron, and copper.
They are characterized by good heat stability, insolubility, excellent chemical
resistance, non-bleeding/non-migrating, excellent weathering and lightfastness,
good dispersability, good hiding power, strong, bright colours, and nonwarping.

6.7.2 Dyes
These are transparent and give bright colours in light. Most have relatively poor
light fastness and limited heat stability, but will tend to retain their colour better

Kết quả (Việt) 1:

from pigments based, notably, on cadmium and the search is on to replace thesewith others of equal effectiveness.Table 6.1 At a glance: pigments, dyes, special effectsFunction Colorants act either by absorbing parts of the spectrum and reflectingother parts (solid pigments, dyes), or by transmitting only certainwavelengths (transparent colours); these effects can be combinedwith multi-layer structures, also using interference patterns toachieve an effectProperties affected Colour, appearance: some pigments can also give shielding againstUV lightMaterials/characteristics Organic; inorganic; pearlescent; metallic; special effectsDisadvantages Can contaminate other materials/equipment unless kept separate orused in dust-free/non-polluting form; migration if not correctlycompounded; thermal stability in processing at high temperatures:replacement of heavy metals with pigments of comparableperformanceNew developments Easier forms for use/incorporation in compounds; colourconcentrates, liquid colours; improved dispersibilty, better thermalstability; replacement of heavy metals; introduction of newchemistry6.1 Main Types of Pigment and ColorantPigments are usually supplied as dry powders of various specific gravity andbulking value. Care is needed in handling, not simply because of the cost of thepigment, but also because it may present a dust hazard. Safe, dust-freeformulations are now the general rule, but with so many other priorities manybộ vi xử lý rõ ràng đã quyết định rằng màu sắc không phải là vấn đề của họ, và muốnmua vật liệu màu đã sẵn sàng.6.7.7 hỗn hợp các oxit kim loạiCác sắc tố là khoáng chất tổng hợp. Màu sắc mong muốn là đạt được bằngchọn cụ thể các oxit kim loại, dựa trên các kim loại như crôm, niken,antimon, Titan, mangan, coban, nhôm, kẽm, sắt, và đồng.Họ được đặc trưng bởi sự ổn định nhiệt tốt, insolubility, hóa học tuyệt vờisức đề kháng, thời tiết không-chảy máu/phòng không-di chuyển, tuyệt vời và lightfastness,««tốt dispersability, tốt ẩn sức mạnh, mạnh mẽ, tươi sáng màu, và nonwarping.6.7.2 thuốc nhuộmĐây là minh bạch và cung cấp cho màu sắc tươi sáng trong ánh sáng. Hầu hết có tương đối nghèoánh sáng độ bền và hạn chế nhiệt ổn định, nhưng sẽ có xu hướng giữ lại màu sắc của họ tốt hơn