as a result of active application of new farming techniques , some yangban and commoners with large lands emerged as wealthy farmers.Many other farmers lost their land and ended up as tenant farmers or laborers . In the process, population migration, rising disparity in wealth distribution, and increasing awareness of farmers prompted significant changes in society overall. some 1,000 markets were opened in the capital city and local areas, which led to the emergence of a free merchants who accumulated capital. Economic changes such as the creation of a free market , th rising class of free merchants , growth in trade, and development of handcrafts and mining were all indicators that the joseon society was modernizing
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