Mỗi giọt nước ở đại dương, ngay cả trong những phần sâu nhất, đáp ứng các lực lượng tạo ra thủy triều. Không quân khác có ảnh hưởng đến biển là rất mạnh mẽ. So sánh với thủy triều, sóng tạo ra bởi gió là bề mặt chuyển động cảm thấy không có nhiều hơn một trăm phút dưới mặt đất. Dòng cũng hiếm khi liên quan đến nhiều hơn trên một vài trăm phút mặc dù của quét Ấn tượng.The tides are a response of the waters of the ocean to the pull of the Moon and the more distant Sun. In theory, there is a gravitational attraction between the water and even the outermost star of the universe. In reality, however, the pull of remote stars is so slight as to be obliterated by the control of the Moon and, to a lesser extent, the Sun. Just as the Moon rises later each day by fifty minutes, on the average, so, in most places, the time of high tide is correspondingly later each day. And as the Moon waxes and wanes in its monthly cycle, so the height of the tide varies. The tidal movements are strongest when the Moon is a sliver in the sky, and when it is full. These are the highest flood tides and the lowest ebb tides of the lunar month and are called the spring tides. At these times, the Sun, Moon, and Earth are nearly in line and the pull of the two heavenly bodies is added together to bring the water high on the beaches, to send its surf upward against the sea cliffs, and to draw a high tide into the harbors. Twice each month, at the quarters of the Moon, when the Sun, Moon, and Earth lie at the apexes of a triangular configuration and the pull of the Sun and Moon are opposed, the moderate tidal movements called neap tides occur. Then the difference between high and low water is less than at any other time during the month.
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