As mentioned earlier, if new pile construction
method is approved or authorised, pile load test is not needed for the constructed piles. This system should be improved, because it is widely recognised that bearing capacity of piles in a site is variable largely. Pile load tests on a few piles may be useful to confirm the performance of the constructed piles, even if they have been authorised.
Foundation and superstructure are designed sep- arately in usual. Designer for superstructure designs the superstructure assuming that not settlement of foundation occurs. Much more communication between structural designer and geotechnical designer is of a benefit for rational design. And a design tool for design of whole structure including superstructure and foundation structure will be useful.
In most text books of soil mechanics used in uni- versities in Japan, description and discussion about pile foundation seems to be insufficient. Methods to estimated deformation of pile foundations and pile dynamics are scarcely mentioned. Education of deformation analysis of pile foundations to students would be desired to accommodate new design frame- works where estimation of deformation of the foun-
dation structure is one of important design issues.
7 CONCLUDING REMARKS
Trend of research and practice of pile foundations and new developments of pile technologies in Japan were reviewed. And, discussion was made to utilise new technologies in practice more effectively.
The authors would like to express their appreci- ation to JASPP, COPITA, Civil Engineering Research Institute for Cold Region, Japan Pile Corporation, System Keisoku Corporation, Marubeni Construction Material Lease Corporation, JibanShikenjo Corpora-
tion for their supports in summarising this paper.
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