scientists have generally agreed that performance indicators are the only way to measure progress towards sustainability. Sustainable building organizations have developed avast number of indicators to cover a broad range of topics and credits. However, building scientists have outlined a set of indicator categories that they consider the most important for designing, constructing, and operating sustainable buildings. In general, these categories are energy use, water use, wastewater, stormwater, indoor environmental quality (IEQ)/human health, carbon footprint, vehicle milestravelled, light pollution, sound pollution, heat island effect, land use, and biodiversity. The majority of topic areas found in sustainable building guidelines, rating tools, and assessment systems can be covered by indicators from these 12 categories. Some categories are easy to address with performance indicators. The indicator chart shows that energy-related credits are often addressed with performance indicators. Performance indicators for energy consumption are vitally important since building scientists need to know the actual energy performance of buildings to determine progress in combating global warming. Other categories are more difficult to define with performance indicators. For example, only theCode for Sustainable Homes has defined a performance indicator for measuring a site’s biodiversity. A couple categories cannot yet be measured with performance indicators. For example, building scientists have yet to determine a method for cost-effectively calculating or measuring a particular building’s contribution to the urban heat island. For this reason, performance indicators do not exist for thetopic, and prescriptive indicators are used instead to prescribe a series of actions that will hopefully have a significant effect on the problem.
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