Saturation DivingThe constraints of air diving limit the exploration of certain sites. A large number of shipwrecks resting at relatively great depths (between 60 and 80 meters) have already been explored with traditional diving techniques. However, with these one can only conduct elementary documentation or short examinations under difficult and always dangerous conditions.One solution that allows methodical excavations at these depths is the so-called saturation diving, which uses different gas mixtures to prolong work times.During his immersion, the diver reaches an equilibrium of dissolved gasses so that his decompression profile remains independent of the duration of his dive. Linked to the surface with a turret, he travels to the depth of the worksite in a high-pressure trunk, and only undergoes a single decompression at the end of his work.Such an operation was carried out in 1988 on the Héliopolis 2 shipwreck near Toulon. Four divers of the French Navy advanced in saturation from their turret at a depth of 80 meters. They produced a plan of the shipwreck and raised about 20 amphoras after tagging them manually.At the moment, saturation diving and the logistics involved are too expensive for the budgets of most excavations. Thus, this kind of operation is only feasible for shipwrecks that are of interest to the mass media and dispose of exceptional budgets.
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