SOYBEAN, Glycine max (L.) Merrill (Fabaceae: Phase- oleae), is a major agricultural crop in the Western Hemisphere, with >80% of global production occur- ring in the United States, Brazil, and Argentina (United Soybean Board 2000). Soybean crops in more southern latitudes of this region (southeastern United States to Argentina) are subject to pressure by several lepidopteran insect pests (Turnipseed and Kogan1976, Higley and Boethel 1994, Arago´ n et al. 1997). Anticarsia gemmatalis Hu¨ bner, velvetbean caterpillar, is the most important of these, occurring throughout much of this region, whereas Pseudoplusia includens (Walker), soybean looper; Epinotia aporema (Wals- ingham), “barrenador del brote”; and Rachiplusia nu (Guene´ e), “oruga medidora del girasol”, are important in more restricted areas. Other lepidopterans of spo- radic importance include Helicoverpa zea (Boddie), bollworm; Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith), fall ar- myworm; Elasmopalpus lignosellus (Zeller), lesser cornstalk borer; and Spilosoma virginica (F.) “gata peluda norteamericana”.
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