2.3. HIA and equityEquity in HIA enables consideration of the differential distribution of potential impacts of a proposal on different population groups – in essence who may benefit from a proposal and who may lose out – that are both unfair and modifiable (Harris et al., 2007a; Harris et al.,2009). As a minimum HIAs should consider who may win and who may lose across socio-economic status, locational disadvantage age, gender, culture and ethnicity, aboriginality, and current health status (Harris-Roxas and Harris, 2007).Equity is a conceptual driver for HIA (WHO European Centre for Health Policy, 1999; Douglas and Scott-Samuel, 2001). However, internationally neither policy, program nor project HIA consistently includes assessment of the equitable distribution of health impacts (Parry and Scully, 2003; Harris-Roxas et al., 2004; Mackenbach et al.,2004; Kemm, 2005; Kemm, 2006; Blau et al., 2007; Harris et al., 2009).As a result, in Australia, equity focussed HIA was developed to explicitly consider the differential distribution of impacts at each step in the assessment process (Simpson et al., 2005). Equity driven HIA in Australia was first developed as twin activity under the Public Health Education and Research Grant Program for HIA as discussed above. This work developed a framework for equity focussed HIA, tested through six case studies. The entry point for this work was to place the equitable distribution of health in the population as the focus of an HIA framework (Simpson et al., 2005).At the same time the New South Wales Department of Health released the ‘NSW Health and Equity Statement’, including HIA as a strategy to reduce health inequity. This led to the Department funding
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