到野外露营我们生活在一个时代,当世界各地的野生地区正变得越来越方便。能够访问美妙的自然景色,然后撤退到的温暖和舒适的中央供暖的酒店是几乎司空见惯: 例如在智利雷德裴恩国家公园提供豪华的住宿。但自己包扎在带空调的奢侈和沐浴疼痛的双脚在一个舒缓的水疗服务只让你高枕无忧,你是来体验的环境。即使住在有组织的营地上仍然是在原始的自然体验一步。而这正是野外露营进来的地方。The first thing to appreciate is the level of responsibility that comes with the privilege of wild camping. Every tent peg stabbed in the ground, every groundsheet laid out and every stove fired up has the potential to scar the landscape. Take for example the seemingly innocuous act of picking up large rocks to place on tent anchors around your tent. Ignoring for a moment the habitat destruction caused by moving boulders, picture the dismay on the faces of the next posse of backpackers to come across the same beautiful spot, only to discover the tell-tale circle of stones. Secondhand wilderness camping is never as memorable as the illusion of being the first to camp in a special place. So if you remember that every action has a consequence, and if you are able to think through every stage of wild camping, you’ll have a better time of it, the surrounding terrain will suffer less damage, and future campers will appreciate your thoughtfulness.The big stormThe storm went on all night long and into the middle of the morning, an extraordinary affair. I have never known the like for violence or duration. I was sitting up in bed, the light flickering around me and the sky stamping up and down in fury, breaking its bones. At last, I thought, at last the elements have achieved a pitch of magnificence to match my inner turmoil! In this mood of euphoria I considered my position in a new light.I have always had the conviction, resistant to all rational considerations, that at some unspecified future moment, the continuous rehearsal which has been my life until now, with its many misreadings, its twists and turns, will be done with and that the real drama for which I have been preparing with such earnestness will at last begin. It is a common delusion, I know; everyone entertains it. Yet last night, in the midst of the spectacular display, I wondered if the moment of my entrance might be imminent, the moment of my going on, so to say. I do not know how it would be, this dramatic leap into the thick of the action, or what exactly might be expected to take place, on stage. But what I am looking forward to is a moment of expression. 1 shall be totally fulfilled. I shall be delivered, like a noble closing speech.PROTECTING THE GREAT BARRIER REEFThe Great Barrier Reef stretches along the Queensland coastline in Australia. Historically, it has been regarded as a well-protected, pristine wonderland - a haven of delicate corals and abundant fish. Yet as scientists came to understand more about the reef’s complexities, a different picture emerged. Over-fishing, land-based pollution and coral bleaching, exacerbated by increased sea temperatures due to global warming, were all impacting on its natural wealth.Immediate action was required because, contrary to popular belief, only 4.6% of the reef was fully protected. As a result of public campaigning, the Australian government committed to a plan to protect 33% of the reef, with the Great Barrier Reef Marine Park zoning plan being implemented in 2004. This is the world’s largest network of marine sanctuaries, covering over 11 million hectares.
Yet the reef is still under threat. The amount of sediment flowing from the land into the marine park from its catchments area has quadrupled over the past 150 years, due largely to grazing and cropping expansion and loss of native vegetation and wetlands.
The reef has experienced two mass coral bleaching events in 1998 and 2002, when the corals lost color due to an increase in water temperature. And finally, not only is the reef subject to high levels of fishing pressure, but other fishing practices, such as sea-floor trawling of prawns, are still permitted in over half of the marine park, resulting in untargeted fish capture and destruction of the sea floor.
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