organic chemistry is a specific discipline within chemistry which involves the scientific study of the structure, properties, composition, reactions, and preparation (by synthesis or by other means) of chemical compounds consisting primarily of carbon and hydrogens, which may contain any number of other elements, including nitrogen, oxygen, the halogens as well as phosphorus, silicon and sulfur. hydrocarbons are the simplest organic compounds. hydrocarbons which do not contain a benzene ring are called aliphatic hydrocarbons. those which do contain benzene ring are called aromatic hydrocarbons.
the aliphatic hydrocarbons are divided into three groups, paraffins alkanes without any double or triple bonds, olefins alkenes with double bonds, which can be mono-olefins with a single double bond, di-olefins, or di-enes with two or poly-olefins with more. the third group with a triple bond is named after the name of the shortest member of the homologue series as the acetylenes alkynes
armotic hidrocarbons contain conjugated double bons. one of the simplest examples of these is benzene, the structure of which was formulated by kekules who first proposed the delocalization or resonance principle for explaining it is structure
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