Bằng cách sử dụng hệ thống tự động xác định các vấn đề MC là cần thiết để giảm chi phí và an toàn xã hội. Tuy nhiên, thiết kế một MC hoàn toàn tự động hệ thống giám sát phải đối mặt với nhiều thách thức và cần phải được đáng tin cậy để các thành phố thông minh và các khái niệm IOT được sử dụng bởi các chính phủ hiện đại để bảo vệ xã hội.Thách thức tiêu thụ năng lượng là rất cần thiết, bởi vì hệ thống tự động đời chủ yếu dựa vào tuổi thọ pin. Thay thế pin một số thời gian trong suốt cuộc đời của MC không phải là đáng tin cậy đủ từ xem chi phí. Thời điểm này là rất quan trọng đặc biệt là số vấn đề MC đang theo dõi tự động trong một hệ thống, tối đa là chỉ có hai vấn đề và đời là về chỉ trong một năm.Reducing the power consumption has many debate aspects as shown in Figure 7[28]. However, as fully automated cast iron MC monitoring system is not found till now, the sensor type selection is the most effective point need to be addressed. According to several references like [29], DAQ module need to be activated more than any module of the wireless monitoring system (like the fully automated MC monitoring system) regardless the concept of the monitoring strategy (Trigger- Driven or Scheduled-Driven) as shown in Table 3 [29] and by using some types of active sensors, the power consumption will increase more[30]. However, because of the different type of the underground utilities, it can be concluded that the fully automated MC monitoring system is not universal and depends on the type of underground utilities. This fact can reduce the power consumption of the DAQ design. Currently, the authors study the design of low power consumption DAQ for fully automated monitoring systems and the results of the current research is considered as future work.Generally, several techniques had been done from several researches to reduce the power consumption. In Table 4, selected examples of these techniques used to reduce the power consumption, are shown.However, power consumption is still one of the biggest challenges for design automated monitoring systems.Another challenge is the cost. By entering SC and IOT era, monitoring systems need to be of low cost and suitable to be controlled and managed via the internet. From the survey, available MC monitoring systems from one side and SC and IOT from the other side did not mentioned in any reference before to the knowledge of the authors. This opens a new research field to investigate. Besides that, some of the monitoring systems used in several applications including some current automating MC monitoring, used the off shelf monitoring systems hardware platform like Imote2, Waspmote (which is called also motes) and by using open source software cloud, controlling these motes via internet become more easy and reliable[3l]. However, the cost of these modules is still high. On the other hand, a new hardware technology is spreading very fast which is open source hardware like Beagle bone, Raspberry Pi[32]. These systems are very promising and proved to be used in several SC and IOT applications, because of the low cost and the ease to be programmed. However, open source hardware suffers from the high power consumption with respect to the off shelf motes mentioned before[32]. Figure 8 shows examples of the current consumption and price of selected motes and open source hardware [32]. Open source hardware, opens a new gate for research to use it in several monitoring applications like fully automated MC monitoring system by redesign it to be less power consuming and to be used for SC and IOT applications.
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