When parchment, which was extraordi

When parchment, which was extraordinarily costly, was replaced by papyrus, it became feasible to establish libraries. At the onset, they began as archives for record keeping and document storage. According to second-hand reports, the most renowned papyrus library was the Alexandrian, founded by Alexander the Great around 330 B.C. in Alexandria, Egypt. His successors as rulers of Egypt, Ptolemy I and Ptolemy II, expanded the library into the greatest collection of scrolls in the ancient world. To acquire this collection, the rulers borrowed scrolls and manuscripts from libraries in Athens, Rome, and other localities and ordered them duplicated. At times, the library employed more than 100 scribes and illustrators. Some historians claim that the Alexandrian library purchased entire lesser libraries to contribute to and enhance the quality of its possessions.
The library owned a copy of every contemporary scroll known to the library's administrators and contained more than 400,000 items, all of which were classified and organized. The contents of the papyrus rolls were edited, and a bibliography of Greek literature was compiled and cross-referenced, reflecting the emergence
and dissemination of a highly developed Greek culture. Over time, a succession of leading scholars directed this library, which was acclaimed for the scholarly undertakings it supported as well as for the size of its collection. At one time, 72 scholars were engaged to translate religious testaments, historical annals, and mercantile accounts. Although the library flourished, it was accessible to only a minority of the population because in ancient times the vast majority of urban dwellers were illiterate. Because papyrus was extremely perishable, not a trace of the Alexandrian library remains today, and archaeologists have several hypotheses
as to what became of it.

Kết quả (Tiếng Indonesia) 1:

Ketika perkamen, yang luar biasa mahal, digantikan oleh Papirus, itu menjadi layak untuk membangun Perpustakaan. Pada awal, mereka mulai sebagai Arsip untuk catatan menjaga dan dokumen penyimpanan. Menurut laporan bekas, Perpustakaan papyrus paling terkenal adalah Alexandria, didirikan oleh Alexander Agung sekitar 330 SM di Alexandria, Mesir. Penggantinya sebagai penguasa Mesir, Ptolemy I dan Ptolemy II, diperluas perpustakaan ke koleksi terbesar gulungan dalam dunia kuno. Untuk memperoleh koleksi ini, para penguasa meminjam gulungan dan naskah-naskah dari perpustakaan di Athena, Roma dan daerah lain dan memerintahkan mereka diduplikasi. Kadang-kadang, Perpustakaan mempekerjakan lebih dari 100 ahli-ahli Taurat dan ilustrator. Banyak sejarawan mengklaim bahwa perpustakaan Alexandria membeli seluruh perpustakaan yang lebih rendah untuk berkontribusi dan meningkatkan kualitas harta nya. Perpustakaan dimiliki salinan setiap gulir kontemporer yang dikenal untuk Perpustakaan administrator dan terdapat lebih dari 400.000 item, semua yang diklasifikasikan dan terorganisir. Isi gulungan Papirus yang diedit dan bibliografi literatur Yunani disusun dan cross-referenced, mencerminkan kemunculan dan penyebaran budaya Yunani yang sangat maju. Seiring waktu, suksesi ulama terkemuka diarahkan Perpustakaan ini, yang diakui untuk usaha ilmiah yang didukung juga untuk ukuran koleksi. Pada satu waktu, ulama 72 terlibat untuk menerjemahkan perjanjian agama, sejarah, dan mercantile account. Meskipun Perpustakaan berkembang, itu dapat diakses hanya minoritas dari populasi karena pada zaman mayoritas penduduk kota yang buta huruf. Karena Papirus sangat tahan lama, tidak jejak Perpustakaan Alexandria sisa hari ini, dan arkeolog memiliki beberapa hipotesis tentang apa yang menjadi itu.