The last four columns in Panel A of Table 1 show the MNCs' leverage ratios by the degree of the firm's international involvementmeasured by the foreign assets ratio (FRA). Kwok and Reeb (2000) suggest that the foreign assets ratio is a better measure for thedegree of internationalization than foreign sales ratio because FRA alleviates the problem of mixing international trade (e.g.exports) and direct investment. The comparison in Panel A shows that LTdebt (STdebt) for the MNCs remains higher (similar)compared to that of DCs at different levels of internationalization.
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