Annual Depreciation expense = (Cost – Residual value) / Useful life= ($6000 – $1000) / 5 years= $5000 / 5 years= $1000Therefore, depreciation expense for one year or annual depreciation expense is$1000.Following table demonstrates the depreciation expenses over entire useful of the machineYears Calculationof depreciation Depreciation expenses Accumulated depreciation Book value of theassets1st year ($6000-$1000)/ 5 years= $1000 $1000 $1000 $50002nd year ($6000-$1000)/ 5 years= $1000 $1000 $2000 $40003rd year ($6000-$1000)/ 5 years= $1000 $1000 $3000 $30004th year ($6000-$1000)/ 5 years= $1000 $1000 $4000 $20005th year ($6000-$1000)/ 5 years= $1000 $1000 $5000 $1000Notes:*Accumulated depreciation = The total or accumulated amount of depreciation expenses at a point in time*Book value = Cost the asset - Accumulated depreciation expenses*Depreciable amount = Cost the asset - Residual value the asset Example No.2ABC Company purchased a building costing $12,000 on January 2012. The building useful life was estimated to be 10 years with residual value of $2000.Required: Calculated amount of building depreciation expense using straight line method of depreciation for the year ended on 31 December, 2012?Solution:Formula of straight line method for calculating depreciation for an accounting periodDepreciation expense = (Cost – Residual value) / Useful life Values that will be used in the calculation of depreciation Building cost = $12000Building Useful life = 10 yearsBuilding residual value = $2000By substituting values in the formula of straight line methodDepreciation expense = (12000 – 2000) / 10Depreciation expense = 10,000 / 10Depreciation expense = 1000Hence, $1000 is the depreciation expense for the year ended on 31 December,20122. Reducing/diminishing balance methodThe second most popular method of depreciation. This method is generally applied on certain fixed assets that are more productive or useful initially and with the passage of time or with constant , their usefulness decrease.Under this method, a certain percentage of a fixed asset’s book value is considered as depreciation expense for an accounting period. For example if a car has a book value = $5000 and depreciation is to be charged at 20%, the
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