measured at 12-bit resolution and excited by three lightemittingdiodes providing a saturated light intensity of3,000 ìmol photons m.2 s.1 of red (650 nm) light. Thismethod allowed the dynamic measurement of a photosyntheticsample at a given physiological state.Viability of cellsCell viability was determined by the Evans blue method(Widholm 1972). Briefly, 1 mL samples of each culturewere centrifuged at 600 g, the supernatant was discarded,added 100 ìL of 1% Evans blue solution, and incubated for10 min at room temperature. The cells were then washedtwice in deionized water. Finally, fresh preparations of thecentrifuged samples were examined for the viability bylight microscopy. Cells with broken cell walls appearedblue, as Evans blue solution diffused in the protoplasmregion and stained the cells blue.Statistical analysisOne-way ANOVA was used to compare coagulationefficiency in experimental treatments with the controltreatment. Statistical analyses were run using the softwareprogram STATGRAPHICS Plus 5.0.
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