The impact of within-manufacturing structural change the shift from low, to medium, to High technology industrieson employment varies by industry. Low tech industries produce vast employment opportunities and some possibilities for capital accumulation. Medium and high tech industries offer opportunities for capital accumulation but generate less employment than do low tech industries. High tech industries also offer openings for innovation and new knowledge and skill development and thus the capacity to invent new industries and restart the struc- tural change cycle. It is these capacities to accumulate capital and to innovate, alongside a growing division of labour of service activities, which produce employment opportunities.In developed countries manufacturing remains an engine of growth as the main source of financial and knowledge resources for sustaining growth and (to some extent) for creating jobs, though the bulk of the new jobs to be created are in the services required for developing manufacturing further and in the services to be added to industrial goods. As developed countries move up the structural change ladder, manufacturing will continue to contribute to the quality of jobs by improving wages and by providing wider opportunities for female employment.
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