Herbst and Slinkman (1984), Huang (1985), Hensel and Ziemba (1995), and Santa-Clara and Valkanov (2003) report that common stocks earn higher returns when a Democrat is president than when a Republican is president. In part, this Presidential Cycle could be the result of a correlation between business cycle fluctuations and the fiscal policies of the two political parties. It could be that the Other January Effect is simply picking up variations in returns stemming from presidential cycles that are not captured by standard business cycle variables. If that is the case, most positive Januarys would have occurred during Democratic administrations (and the next 11-months’ returns would have been mostly positive), and most negative Januarys would have occurred during Republican administrations (and the next 11-months’ market returns would have been mostly negative).
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