When a sample contains suspended particles, centrifugation may be more effective than filtration in separating the solid and the liquid. Centrifugation is also useful for breaking liquid-liquid emulsions in microscale extractions. In fact, a microscale extraction is frequently
carried out in a centrifuge tube to facilitate removing the lower layer with a Pasteur pipet, and if an emulsion forms, the tube can be spun in a centrifuge to separate the liquid phases. In operating a centrifuge, the sample tube must be counterbalanced by another centrifuge tube filled with an equal volume of water. A centrifuge containing unbalanced tubes vibrates excessively and noisily and may move around on the bench top. A balanced centrifuge makes a steady, uniform noise at full speed.
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