Multiple-Index Contouring. In this technique, the gaseous or liquid medium surrounding an object is changedbetween successive exposures of the hologram (for double-exposure interferometry) (Ref 25, 26). This changes theoptical-path length by slightly altering the index of refraction of the medium and is most readily accomplished by the useof an immersion cell with windows through which the object can be illuminated and viewed simultaneously. In the opticalsystem for the multiple-index technique (Fig. 26), lenses L1 and L2 act as a telescope with its viewing direction normal tothe cell window. The aperture between the lenses is used to limit aberrations. The hologram can be constructed at anyplane to the right of the beam splitter (for example, at the aperture, as shown in Fig. 26). When this system is used, thecontour separation distance, Δh, is given by:
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