One of the most difficult questions to answer is how much a job is worth. We naturally expect that a doctor’s salary will be higher than a bus conductor’s wage. But the question becomes much more difficult to answer when we compare, say, a miner with an engineer, or an unskilled man working on an oil-rig in the North Sea with a teacher in a secondary school. What the doctor, the engineer and teacher have is many years of training in order to obtain the necessary qualifications for their professions. We feel instinctively that these skills and these years, when they were studying instead of earning money, should be rewarded. At the same time we recognize that the work of the miner and the oil-rig laborer is both hard and dangerous, and that they must be highly paid for the risks they take.
Another factor we must take into consideration is how socially useful a man’s work is, regardless of the talents he may bring to it. Most people would agree that looking after the sick or teaching children is more important than, say, selling secondhand cars or improving the taste of toothpaste by adding a red stripe to it. Yet it is almost certain that the used car salesman earns more than the nurse, and that research chemist earns more than the school teacher.
Indeed, this whole question of just rewards can be turned on its head. You can argue that a man who does a job which brings him personal satisfaction is already receiving part of his reward in the form of a so-called “psychic wage”, and that it is the man with the boring, repetitive job who needs more money to make up for the soul-destroying monotony(单调) of his work. It is significant that that those jobs which are traditionally regarded as “vocations” --- nursing, teaching and the Church, for example --- continue to be poorly paid, while others, such as those in the world of sport or entertainment, carry financial rewards out of all proportion to their social worth.
どのくらい仕事は価値がある、最も難しい質問の一つです。当然のことながら、医師の給与はバスの車掌の賃金よりも高くなることを見込んでいます。しかし、質問は答えると言う、我々 がエンジニア、または中等学校の教師と北海での石油掘削装置に取り組んで未熟な男でマイナー比較するときより難しくなります。自分の職業に必要な資格を取得するためにトレーニングの多くの年は、医者、エンジニアおよび教師が持っています。思わず、これらのスキルと、彼らはお金を稼ぐのではなく勉強していた、これらの年が報われるべきであると考えています。同時に我々 は、鉱山や石油リグ労働者の仕事がハードで危険な彼らが取るリスクが高い支払う必要があります。我々 が考慮する必要がありますもう一つの要因はどのように社会的有用な男の仕事は、それをもたらす可能性があります彼の才能に関係なく。ほとんどの人が同意するだろう、病人の世話後をしたり、子供に教えたりより重要であると言う、中古車の販売や、赤のストライプを追加することで歯磨き粉の味を改善します。まだ中古車のセールスマンは、看護師よりも多く稼いでいるし、その研究化学は学校の先生よりも多く稼いでいることはほぼ確実です。Indeed, this whole question of just rewards can be turned on its head. You can argue that a man who does a job which brings him personal satisfaction is already receiving part of his reward in the form of a so-called “psychic wage”, and that it is the man with the boring, repetitive job who needs more money to make up for the soul-destroying monotony(单调) of his work. It is significant that that those jobs which are traditionally regarded as “vocations” --- nursing, teaching and the Church, for example --- continue to be poorly paid, while others, such as those in the world of sport or entertainment, carry financial rewards out of all proportion to their social worth.
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