Thứ mười một EditionPhiên bản toàn cầuTinh thần kinh doanh và hiệu quảQuản lý doanh nghiệp nhỏNorman M. ScarboroughPresbyterian CollegeJeffrey R. CornwallĐại học BelmontPEARSONBoston Columbus Indianapolis New York San Francisco Upper Saddle RiverAmsterdam Cape Town Dubai London Madrid Milan Munich Paris Montreal TorontoDelhi Mexico City Säo Paulo Sydney Hong Kong Seoul Singapore Taipei TokyoNội dungLời nói đầu 23Acknowledgments 26PHẦN tôi những phần thưởng và thách thứctinh thần kinh doanh 29Doanh nhân chương 1: Các lái xe lực đằng sau nhỏKinh doanh 29Vai trò của các doanh nghiệp 30Một doanh nhân là gì? 33• Tinh thần kinh doanh trong không gian hành động: kế tiếp kinh doanhBiên giới? 37Làm thế nào để phát hiện các cơ hội kinh doanh 38Theo dõi xu hướng và ExploitThem sớm trên 38Du lịch- và là lấy cảm hứng từ 39Có một cách tiếp cận khác nhau để một thị trường hiện tại 39Đặt một Twist mới trên một ý tưởng cũ 39Tìm cách sáng tạo để sử dụng nguồn lực sẵn có 40Nhận ra rằng những người khác có cùng một vấn đề bạn làm 40Mất thời gian để chơi 40Thông báo những gì mất tích 40Những lợi ích của việc sở hữu một doanh nghiệp nhỏ 41Cơ hội để đạt được kiểm soát số phận của riêng bạn 41Cơ hội để làm cho một sự khác biệt 41Cơ hội để đạt được tiềm năng của bạn Füll 42Cơ hội để gặt hái lợi nhuận ấn tượng 42Cơ hội để đóng góp cho xã hội và được công nhận cho của bạn Efferts 42Cơ hội để làm những gì bạn tận hưởng Döing 43Những hạn chế tiềm năng của tinh thần kinh doanh 43Uncertainty of Income 43Risk of Losing Your Entire Invested Capital 43Long Hours and Hard Work 44Lower Quality of Life Until the Business Gets Established 44High Levels of Stress 44Complete Responsibility 45Discouragement 45Why the Boom: The Fuel Feeding the Entrepreneurial Fire 45Entrepreneurs as Heroes 45Entrepreneurial Education 45Shift to a Service Economy 45Technology Advancements 45Outsourcing 46Independent Lifestyle 46E-Commerce, the Internet, and Mobile Computing 46International Opportunities 47• IN THE ENTREPRENEURIAL SPOTLIGHT Collegiate Entrepreneurs 476 CONTENTSThe Cultural Diversity of Entrepreneurship 48Young Entrepreneurs 48Women Entrepreneurs 49Minority Enterprises 50Immigrant Entrepreneurs 51Part-Time Entrepreneurs 52Home-Based Business Owners 52Family Business Owners 52Copreneurs 54Corporate Castoffs 55Corporate "Dropouts" 55Retired Baby Boomers 56The Contributions of Small Businesses 56• LESSONS FROM THE STREET-SMART ENTREPRENEUR Bulletproofing YourStart-Up 58Putting Failure into Perspective 59How to Avoid the Pitfalls 60Know Your Business in Depth 60Prepare a Business Plan 61Manage Financial Resources 61Understand Financial Statements 61Learn to Manage People Effectively 62Set Your Business Apart from the Competition 62Maintain a Positive Attitüde 62Condusion—and a Look Ahead 62Chapter Review 63 • Discussion Questions 64Chapter 2 Ethics and Social Responsibility: Döing the RightThing 65An Ethical Perspective 67Three Levels of Ethical Standards 68Immoral, Amoral, and Moral Management 69The Benefits of Moral Management 70Establishing an Ethical Framework 71Why Ethical Lapses Occur 72An Unethical Employee 73An Unethical Organizational Culture 73Moral Blindness 73Competitive Pressures 73Opportunity Pressures 73Globalization of Business 73Establishing and Maintaining Ethical Standards 74Establishing Ethical Standards 74Maintaining Ethical Standards 74• ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN ACTION Don't Just Do It, Do It Right 77Social Entrepreneurship 77• IN THE ENTREPRENEURIAL SPOTLIGHT Making a Profit and Makinga Difference 78Social Responsibility 79Business's Responsibility to the Environment 80Business's Responsibility to Employees 81Cultural Diversity in the Workplace 82DrugTesting 85CONTENTS 7HIV/AIDS 86Sexual Harassment 87• LESSONS FROM THE STREET-SMART ENTREPRENEUR How to Avoid SexualHarassment Charge; 90Privacy 92• ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN ACTION Think Before You Hit "Post"on Facebook 92Business'; Responsibility to Customers 93Right to Safety 93Right to Know 94Right to Be Heard 94Right to Education 94Right to Choice 95Business's Responsibility to Investors 95Business's Responsibility to the Community 95Condusion 96Chapter Review 96 • Discussion Questions 97Chapter 3 Creativity and Innovation: Keys to EntrepreneurialSuccess 99Creativity, Innovation, and Entrepreneurship 100Creativity—Essential to Survival 104Can Creativity Be Taught? 106Creative Thinking 106• IN THE ENTREPRENEURIAL SPOTLIGHT The Ingredients of Creativity 107Barriers to Creativity 109• LESSONS FROM THE STREET-SMART ENTREPRENEUR Questions to Spurthe Imagination 113How to Enhance Creativity 114Enhancing Organizational Creativity 114Enhancing Individual Creativity 119• IN THE ENTREPRENEURIAL SPOTLIGHT How to Create a Cultureof Creativity and Innovation 124The Creative Process 125Step 1. Preparation 125Step 2. Investigation 126Step 3. Transformation 126Step 4. Incubation 127Step 5. Illumination 129Step 6. Verification 129Step 7. Implementation 130Condusion 130Chapter Review 131 • Discussion Questions 131Chapter 4 Strategie Management and the Entrepreneur 133Building a Competitive Advantage 136The Strategie Management Process 138Step 1. Develop a Clear Vision and Translate It into a Meaningful Mission Statement 139• LESSONS FROM THE STREET-SMART ENTREPRENEUR Thrivingon Change 141Step 2. Assess the Company's Strengths and Weaknesses 142Step 3. Scan the Environment for Significant Opportunities andThreats Pacingthe Business 143Step 4. Identify the Key Factors for Success in the Business 144CONTENTSStep 5. Analyze the Competition 146Step 6. Create Company Goals and Objectives 150• ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN ACTION Vizio: Disrupting Another Market 152Step 7. Formulate Strategie Option: and Select the Appropriate Strategie: 153• IN THE ENTREPRENEURIAL SPOTLIGHT Strategie; for Success 158
Step 8. Translate Strategie Plans into Action Plans 159
Step 9. Establish Accurate Controls 160
Condusion 162
Chapter Review 163 • Discussion Questions 164
SECTION II Launching a Venture: Entry Strategies 165
Chapter 5 Choosing a Form of Ownership 165
The Sole Proprietorship 167
Advantages of a Sole Proprietorship 168
• LESSONS FROM THE STREET-SMART ENTREPRENEUR Get That Name
Right! 169
Disadvantages of the Sole Proprietorship 170
• ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN ACTION The Pain of Partnership 171
The Partnership 172
The Uniform Partnership Act 174
Advantages of the Partnership 174
• LESSONS FROM THE STREET-SMART ENTREPRENEUR How to Avoid
a Business Divorce 176
Disadvantages of the Partnership 177
Limited Partnerships 178
Limited Liability Partnerships 179
The Corporation 179
Requirements for Incorporation 179
Advantages of the Corporation 180
Disadvantages of the Corporation 182
Professional Corporations 183
The S Corporation 183
Advantages of an S Corporation 184
Disadvantages of an S Corporation 185
When Is an S Corporation a Wise Choice? 185
The Limited Liability Company 185
Sodal Enterprises 188
• IN THE ENTREPRENEURIAL SPOTLIGHT From the Life on the Street
to Running a Business 188
Nonprofit Organization 189
Chapter Review 191 • Discussion Questions 192
Chapter 6 Franchising and the Entrepreneur 193
What Is a Franchise? 195
Types of Franchising 196
The Benefits of Buying a Franchise 196
A Business System 197
Management Training and Support 198
Brand-Name Appeal 199
Standardized Quality of Goods and Services 199
National Advertising Programs 199
Financial Assistance 200
Proven Products and Business Formats 201
CONTENTS 9
Centralized Buying Power 201
Site Selection and Territorial Protection 201
Increased Chance for Success 202
Drawbacks of Buying a Franchise 203
Franchise Pees and Ongoing Royalties 203
Strict Adherence to Standardized Operations 204
Restrictions on Purchasing 204
Limited Product Line 205
Market Saturation 205
Limited Freedom 206
No Guarantee of Success 206
Franchising and the Law 206
• ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN ACTION After the Cheering Stops 209
The Right Way to Buy a Franchise 210
Evaluate Yourself 211
Research the Market 211
Consider Your Franchise Options 212
Get a Copy of the FDD and Study It 212
Talk to Existing Franchisees 213
Ask the Franchisor Some Tough Questions 213
Make Your Choice 215
• LESSONS FROM THE STREET-SMART ENTREPRENEUR Make Sure You Select
the Right Franchise 215
Franchise Contracts 216
Termination 218
Renewal 218
Transfer and Buybacks 218
• IN THE ENTREPRENEURIAL SPOTLIGHT The Allure of Franchising 218
Trends in Franchising 219
Changing Face of Franchisees 219
Multiple-Unit Franchising 220
International Opportunities 220
• IN THE ENTREPRENEURIAL SPOTLIGHT The Middle East: A Hot Spot
for Franchising 221
Smaller, Nontraditional Locations 223
Conversion Franchising 223
Refranchising 223
Area Development and Master Franchising 223
Cobranding 224
Serving Dual-Career Couples and Aging Baby Boomers 225
Franchising as a Growth Strategy 225
Unique Concept 225
Replicable 225
Expansion Plan 226
Due Diligence 226
Legal Guidance 226
Support for Franchisees 226
Condusion 226
Chapter Review 226 • Discussion Questions 227
Chapter 7 Buying an Existing Business 229
Buying an Existing Business 231
Advantages of Buying an Existing Business 231
Disadvantages of Buying an Existing Business 233
10 CONTENTS
The Search Stage 236
Self-Inventory 236
Develop a List of Criteria 237
Potential Candidates 237
Investigation 238
• LESSONS FROM THE STREET-SMART ENTREPRENEUR Don't Get Burned
When You Buy a Business 240
The Deal Stage 240
Methods for Determining the Value of a Business 241
• IN THE ENTREPRENEURIAL SPOTLIGHT Bond Coffee 250
Negotiating the Deal 251
Letter of Intent 254
The Due Diligence Process 255
• ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN ACTION What's the Deal? 259
The Transition Stage 260
Chapter Review 261 • Discussion Questions 262
Chapter 8 New Business Flanning Process: Feasibility Analysis,
Business Modeling, and Crafting a Winning Business
Plan 263
Conducting a Feasibility Analysis 265
Industry and Market Feasibili
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