What we today call American folk art was, indeed, art of, by, and for ordinary, <br><br> everyday “folks” who, with increasing prosperity and leisure, created a market for art<br><br> of all kinds, and especially for portraits. Citizens of prosperous, essentially<br><br> Line middle-class republics ― whether ancient Romans, seventeenth-century Dutch<br><br> (5) burghers, or nineteenth-century Americans ― have always shown a marked taste for <br><br> portraiture. Starting in the late eighteenth century, the United States contained increasing numbers of such people, and of the artists who could meet their demands.<br><br> The earliest American folk art portraits come, not surprisingly, from New England ― especially Connecticut and Massachusetts ― for this was a wealthy and<br><br> (10) populous region and the center of a strong craft tradition. Within a few decades after<br><br> the signing of the Declaration of Independence in 1776, the population was pushing <br><br> westward, and portrait painters could be found at work in western New York, Ohio,<br><br> Kentucky, Illinois, and Missouri. Midway through its first century as a nation, the <br><br> United States's population had increased roughly five times, and eleven new states had<br><br> (15) been added to the original thirteen. During these years the demand for portraits grew<br><br> and grew eventually to be satisfied by the camera. In 1839 the daguerreotype was<br><br> introduced to America, ushering in the age of photography, and within a generation the<br><br> new invention put an end to the popularity of painted portraits. Once again an original<br><br> portrait became a luxury, commissioned by the wealthy and executed by the<br><br> (20) professional.<br><br> But in the heyday of portrait painting ― from the late eighteenth century until the <br><br> 1850's ― anyone with a modicum of artistic ability could become a limner, as such a <br><br> portraitist was called. Local craftspeople ― sign, coach, and house painters ― began to<br><br> paint portraits as a profitable sideline ; sometimes a talented man or woman who began<br><br> (25) by sketching family members gained a local reputation and was besieged with requests<br><br> for portraits ; artists found it worth their while to pack their paints, canvases, and <br><br>bàn chải và để du lịch nông thôn, thường kết hợp nhà trang trí với bức chân dung <br><br>sơn.
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