ZN-positive or acid-fast bacteria, such as the pathogenic Mycobacterium sp., stain bright red with the background and other bacteria counter-stained blue (Fig. 2.10). Heating the strong carbol fuchsin can be carried out in one of two ways:• Strong carbol fuchsin is flooded onto the fixed smear with the slide on the rack over a sink. A cotton wool swab, on a metal rod, is dipped in alcohol and set alight. This is used to gently heat the smear and carbol fuchsin from below. The stain is allowed to steam for the 10 minutes but not to boil. The sink should be rinsed with water before starting the heating process in case any inflammable reagents are present.• Heat the strong carbol fuchsin in a boiling tube to just below boiling point. Wear protective goggles
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