Tạp chítạp chí trang chủ: www.elsevier.com/locate/gfjXin vui lòng citethis điều như: Angelidis, T., et al., USstockmarket regimesand oilpriceshocks, GlobalFinance tạp chí (2015), http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gfj.2015.01.006Alargebodyoftheacademicliteraturehasprovidedmountingempiricalevidenceregardingtherelation- ship between oil prices and macroeconomic variables.In the main, the results suggestthat oil prices exert a very significant impact on the economy either due to their effectson pricing and production costs or due to their effects on aggregate demand (i.e. via inflation and monetary policy channels) and aggregate supply (i.e. via the output). Some interesting studies on these views include those by Chen, Hamori, and Kinkyo (2014), Filis and Chatziantoniou (2014), Lippi and Nobili (2012), Baumeister and Peersman (2012), Segal (2011), Rahman and Serletis (2011), Tang, Wu, and Zhang (2010), Nakov and Pescatori (2010), Jbir and Zouari-Ghorbel (2009), Blanchard and Gali (2007), Hamilton (2008, 1996), Hamilton and Herrera (2004), Barsky and Kilian (2004), Jones, Lelby, and Paik (2004), Leduc and Sill (2004), Brown and Yücel (2002), Bernanke, Gertler, and Watson, (1997), Rotemberg and Woodford (1996), Huang, Masulis,and Stoll (1996), Mork,Olsen,and Mysen(1994), Mork (1989)and Burbidge and Harrison (1984). Nevertheless,astrandintheliteratureoverthelastdecadeorsohasbeenshapingaroundtheconcept that the relationship between oil prices and the economy has changed after the 80s (see, inter alia, Lescaroux & Mignon, 2008; Blanchard & Gali, 2007; Hooker, 2002; 1996; Bernanke et al., 1997; Darrat, Gilley, & Meyer, 1996). Specifically, they maintain that oil price changes are not inflationary anymore andtheydonotsignificantlyimpactoutputlevels and,thus,theydonotconstituteasourceofrecession- ary periods. Eventhoughthereisthisextendedliteratureontherelationshipbetweenoilpricesandthemacroeconomy, theresearchintheareaofoilpricesandstockmarketsisstillgrowing.Portrayingthereadilyavailableinforma- tion,anegativerelationshiphasbeenestablishedbetweenchangesinoilpricesandstockmarketreturns(see, inter alia, Filis & Chatziantoniou, 2014; Asteriou & Bashmakova, 2013; Ciner, 2012; Lee & Chiou, 2011; Filis, 2010; Chen, 2010; Miller & Ratti, 2009; Driesprong, Jacobsen, & Maat, 2008; Nandha & Faff, 2008; O'Neill, Penm, & Terrell, 2008; Park & Ratti, 2008; Bachmeier, 2008; Henriques & Sadorsky, 2008; Sadorsky, 2001; Papapetrou, 2001; Ciner, 2001; Gjerde &Sættem, 1999; Huang et al., 1996; Jones &Kaul, 1996). Contrary to the above, part of the literature finds that there is no relationship between oil price changes and stock market performance (see, inter alia, Jammazi & Aloui, 2010; Apergis & Miller, 2009; Cong, Wei, Jiao, & Fan,2008). MalikandEwing(2009),Oberndorfer(2009)andSadorsky(1999)furtherelucidatethatapartfromtheoil prices, the oil price volatility impacts on stock returns, as well. They provide evidence that higher oil price volatility tends to cause a negative effect on stock market returns. Chiou and Lee (2009) also show that oil pricevolatility exerts a negative impact on theS&P500 index. Nevertheless,theaforementionedeffectsofoilstockmarketperformancearefarfromdefinite.Thestatus ofthecountryasanetoil-importerornetoil-exporterprovidesadditionalinformationtotheseeffects.Many authors subscribeto the belief that stockmarketsin oil-exportingcountries tendtobenefit from anoil price increase,whereasthereverseistruefortheoil-importingcountries(see,amongothers,Arouri&Rault,2012; Mohanty, Nandha, Turkistani, & Alaitani, 2011; Korhonen & Ledyaeva, 2010; Bjornland, 2009; Lescaroux & Mignon, 2008 and Hammoudeh, Dibooglu, & Aleisa,2004). Furthermore,assuggestedbyHamilton(2009a,b)andKilian(2008a,b),notalloilpricechangesoriginate from the same source and, thus, they do not cause the same response from the financial markets. More specifically, the authors distinguish between supply-side and demand-side oil price shocks. Supply-side oil price shocks take place due to changes in the world oil supply, whereas demand-side oil price shocks are caused due to the increase in aggregate demand, arising mainly due to the industrialisation of developing countries like China (Hamilton, 2009a,b). Kilian (2009) suggests that demand-side shocks could be further disentangled into aggregate demand shocks and oil specific demand shocks. The latter shock arises due to the uncertainty of the future availability of oil, whereas the former is the equivalent to Hamilton's demand- side shock. The general consensus from the literature regarding the oil price shocks and their impact is as follows: (a) supply-side shocks do not seem to exert any impact in the economy or the stock market. This is mainly due to the fact that disruptions in oil supply do not cause significant changesin oil prices, possibly because OPEC's decisions on oil supply levels are nowadays anticipated by the markets, (b) demand-side shocks seem to trigger positive responses from the financialmarketsand the economy, whereas, (c) oil spe- cificdemandshocks,ontheotherhand,tendtoexerciseanegativeeffect.Somenotablepapersofauthorswho have considered the different origins of oil price shocks in their studies, are those by Degiannakis, Filis, and Kizys (2014), Antonakakis and Filis (2013), Abhyankar, Xu, and Wang (2013), Degiannakis, Filis, and Floros (2013), Baumeister and Peersman (2012), Basher, Haug, and Sadorsky (2012), Lippi and Nobili (2012),2 T. Angelidiset al. / GlobalFinanceJournal xxx (2015) xxx-xxx
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