Next, we use the semiparametric varying coefficient cointegration model to re-examine the PPP hypothesis. When applying the ADF test and the PP test to the yield difference zt for all three pairs, we reject the null hypothesis of a unit root at the 5 % significance level (a linear time trend and one lag are included in the ADF test). Therefore, the assumption that zt is stationary is not rejected at the 5 % significance level.
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