ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT PROCESSThe EIA process follows the fate and transport of pollutants through the various parts of the ecosystem. It begins when a pollutant is released into the air, water, or soil. The factors to be considered are the nature of the pollutant, the nature of the environment, the distribution of the pollutant, and how it will be distributed. We also want to know how it will affect the population. So it is a linear process of emission, transport, and dispersion, plus impacts on the receivers—the factors to be measured and assessed. We also have to assess exposure or the level of danger. To simply say the quality of the air is bad is not enough. We want to know who is exposed, how many people will be affected, and at what level of exposure. We also want to know what the causes are, and what will be the effects. Because of the complexity of the problem, the solutions are quite difficult.
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