Future climate change and associate

Future climate change and associated impacts will differ from region to region around the globe.[20][21] Anticipated effects include warming global temperature, rising sea levels, changing precipitation, and expansion of deserts in the subtropics.[22] Warming is expected to be greater over land than over the oceans and greatest in the Arctic, with the continuing retreat of glaciers, permafrost and sea ice. Other likely changes include more frequent extreme weather events including heat waves, droughts, heavy rainfall with floods and heavy snowfall;[23] ocean acidification; and species extinctions due to shifting temperature regimes. Effects significant to humans include the threat to food security from decreasing crop yields and the abandonment of populated areas due to rising sea levels.[24][25] Because the climate system has a large "inertia" and greenhouse gasses will stay in the atmosphere for a long time, many of these effects will not only exist for decades or centuries, but will persist for tens of thousands of years.[26]

Possible societal responses to global warming include mitigation by emissions reduction, adaptation to its effects, building systems resilient to its effects, and possible future climate engineering. Most countries are parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC),[27] whose ultimate objective is to prevent dangerous anthropogenic climate change.[28] Parties to the UNFCCC have agreed that deep cuts in emissions are required[29] and that global warming should be limited to well below 2.0 °C (3.6 °F) relative to pre-industrial levels,[c] with efforts made to limit warming to 1.5 °C (2.7 °F).[31]

Kết quả (Việt) 1:

Future climate change and associated impacts will differ from region to region around the globe.[20][21] Anticipated effects include warming global temperature, rising sea levels, changing precipitation, and expansion of deserts in the subtropics.[22] Warming is expected to be greater over land than over the oceans and greatest in the Arctic, with the continuing retreat of glaciers, permafrost and sea ice. Other likely changes include more frequent extreme weather events including heat waves, droughts, heavy rainfall with floods and heavy snowfall;[23] ocean acidification; and species extinctions due to shifting temperature regimes. Effects significant to humans include the threat to food security from decreasing crop yields and the abandonment of populated areas due to rising sea levels.[24][25] Because the climate system has a large "inertia" and greenhouse gasses will stay in the atmosphere for a long time, many of these effects will not only exist for decades or centuries, but will persist for tens of thousands of years.[26]Có thể phản ứng xã hội cho sự nóng lên toàn cầu bao gồm giảm nhẹ bằng cách giảm lượng phát thải, thích ứng với tác động của nó, xây dựng hệ thống đàn hồi để tác dụng của nó, và kỹ thuật có thể có khí hậu trong tương lai. Hầu hết các nước là bên tham gia công ước khung của Liên Hiệp Quốc ngày đổi khí hậu (UNFCCC), [27] mà mục tiêu cuối cùng là để ngăn chặn biến đổi khí hậu anthropogenic nguy hiểm. [28] bên tham gia UNFCCC đã đồng ý rằng sâu cắt giảm lượng khí thải cần thiết [29] và rằng sự nóng lên toàn cầu nên được giới hạn tốt dưới 2.0 ° C (3,6 ° F) so với mức tiền công nghiệp, [c] với những nỗ lực được thực hiện để hạn chế sự nóng lên đến 1,5 ° C (2.7 ° F). [31]