The signal requests permission from the CPU to send the character on. The PIC notifies the keyboard controller
when the way is clear to the CPU, and then the byte is moved onto the I/O bus. At the physical level, an IRQ is a
printed track on the bus. The printed track connects to all the PCI slots on the motherboard, so no matter which
slot the adapter is installed in it has contact with the IRQ system.
8 or 15 IRQ lines
In the original PC architecture, an 8259 Programmable Interrupt Controller was used on the motherboard. It could
handle 8 IRQ lines. This was later extended to two controllers with a total of 15 lines (one of the lines is used to
connect the two PIC’s). That means there are 15 IRQ’s available to I/O devices. They are used for several tasks.
Certain system devices, such as the FPU (the number cruncher discussed earlier, and the system clock, each lay
claim to one IRQ. Five of the IRQ’s are reserved for internal system devices like these. In Fig. 179 these are, for example, IRQ numbers 0, 8 and 13.
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