The term Great Lakes region is, lik

The term Great Lakes region is, like Great Lakes itself, somewhat loose. It is used in a narrow sense for the area lying between northern Lake Tanganyika, western Lake Victoria, and lakes Kivu, Edward and Albert. This comprises Burundi, Rwanda, northeastern Democratic Republic of Congo, Uganda, and northwestern Kenya and Tanzania. It is used in a wider sense to extend to all of Kenya and Tanzania, but not usually as far south as Zambia, Malawi, and Mozambique nor as far north as Ethiopia, though these four countries border one of the Great Lakes.

An estimated 107 million people live in the Great Lakes region. The area described in the narrow sense above is one of the most densely populated areas of Africa. Because of past volcanic activity, this area contains some of Africa's best farmland. Its altitude gives it a sub-tropical climate despite being right on the equator, becoming temperate in the mountains. This makes tropical diseases of humans and livestock, such as trypanosomiasis, less prevalent, so that, for instance, cattle and other susceptible animals thrive. These factors encouraged the growth of human population.

This increased population is now competing for the habitat used by many endangered species, including the mountain gorilla and the forest elephant. Governments in the region are attempting to lessen the impact through integrated conservation and development projects.

Because of the density of population and the agricultural surplus in the region, the area became highly organized into a number of small states. The most powerful of these monarchies were Rwanda, Burundi, Buganda, and Bunyoro. Unusually for sub-Saharan Africa, the traditional borders were largely maintained by the colonial powers.

Around Lake Turkana, in the eastern branch of the rift, in contrast, desert-like conditions prevail. The area is sparsely inhabited by nomadic pastoralists raising camels, sheep, and goats.

Being the much-sought-after source of the Nile River, the region had long been of interest to Europeans. The first to arrive in the region in any numbers were missionaries, who had limited success in converting the locals but did open the region to later colonization. The increased contact with the rest of the world led to a series of devastating epidemics affecting both humans and livestock. These decreased the region's population dramatically, by up to 60 percent in some areas. The region did not return to its precolonial population until the 1950s.

While seen as a region with great potential after independence, the region has in recent decades been marred by civil war and conflict, from which only Kenya and Tanzania have largely escaped. The worst affected areas have been left in great poverty.

Burundi, Rwanda, and the DRC have relaunched the Economic Community of the Great Lakes Countries (CEPGL), which was created in 1976 but had been inactive because of strife in the region. Their goal is to facilitate cooperation and resolve conflict in the Great Lakes, with particular attention to the problem of armed groups operating in eastern Congo. One group, the so-called "rasta" rebels, is made up largely of former Rwandan rebels who have been active in the remote mountains and forests of the eastern DRC since the Hutu-led genocide of minority Tutsis in Rwanda in 1994. The CEPGL will permit the free movement of people and goods, and there are plans to create a regional bank and an institute for agricultural research.

More than 3.5 million people have died as a result of conflict in the eastern DRC. Although conditions have improved, there are continuing incidents of violence in the area and the situation remains volatile. In 2007, the DRC agreed to step up its offensive against the rebels but ruled out intervention by foreign troops.

Kết quả (Việt) 1:

The term Great Lakes region is, like Great Lakes itself, somewhat loose. It is used in a narrow sense for the area lying between northern Lake Tanganyika, western Lake Victoria, and lakes Kivu, Edward and Albert. This comprises Burundi, Rwanda, northeastern Democratic Republic of Congo, Uganda, and northwestern Kenya and Tanzania. It is used in a wider sense to extend to all of Kenya and Tanzania, but not usually as far south as Zambia, Malawi, and Mozambique nor as far north as Ethiopia, though these four countries border one of the Great Lakes.An estimated 107 million people live in the Great Lakes region. The area described in the narrow sense above is one of the most densely populated areas of Africa. Because of past volcanic activity, this area contains some of Africa's best farmland. Its altitude gives it a sub-tropical climate despite being right on the equator, becoming temperate in the mountains. This makes tropical diseases of humans and livestock, such as trypanosomiasis, less prevalent, so that, for instance, cattle and other susceptible animals thrive. These factors encouraged the growth of human population.This increased population is now competing for the habitat used by many endangered species, including the mountain gorilla and the forest elephant. Governments in the region are attempting to lessen the impact through integrated conservation and development projects.Because of the density of population and the agricultural surplus in the region, the area became highly organized into a number of small states. The most powerful of these monarchies were Rwanda, Burundi, Buganda, and Bunyoro. Unusually for sub-Saharan Africa, the traditional borders were largely maintained by the colonial powers.Around Lake Turkana, in the eastern branch of the rift, in contrast, desert-like conditions prevail. The area is sparsely inhabited by nomadic pastoralists raising camels, sheep, and goats.Being the much-sought-after source of the Nile River, the region had long been of interest to Europeans. The first to arrive in the region in any numbers were missionaries, who had limited success in converting the locals but did open the region to later colonization. The increased contact with the rest of the world led to a series of devastating epidemics affecting both humans and livestock. These decreased the region's population dramatically, by up to 60 percent in some areas. The region did not return to its precolonial population until the 1950s.While seen as a region with great potential after independence, the region has in recent decades been marred by civil war and conflict, from which only Kenya and Tanzania have largely escaped. The worst affected areas have been left in great poverty.Burundi, Rwanda, và DRC có bắt đầu lại cộng đồng kinh tế của các ngũ đại hồ nước (CEPGL), mà được tạo ra vào năm 1976 nhưng đã không hoạt động vì xung đột trong vùng. Mục tiêu của họ là để tạo điều kiện hợp tác và giải quyết xung đột trong ngũ đại hồ với sự chú ý đặc biệt đến vấn đề của nhóm vũ trang hoạt động ở đông Congo. Một nhóm, những người nổi loạn "rasta" cái gọi là, được tạo thành chủ yếu của quân nổi dậy Rwanda cựu người đã hoạt động từ xa núi và rừng của DRC đông kể từ cuộc diệt chủng người Hutu đã dẫn của thiểu số Tutsi tại Rwanda năm 1994. CEPGL sẽ cho phép phong trào tự do của người dân và hàng hóa, và có những kế hoạch để tạo ra một ngân hàng khu vực và một viện nghiên cứu nông nghiệp.Hơn 3,5 triệu người đã chết là kết quả của cuộc xung đột trong DRC đông. Mặc dù điều kiện đã cải thiện, có là các sự cố liên tục của bạo lực trong khu vực và tình hình vẫn còn bay hơi. Trong năm 2007, DRC đã đồng ý để đẩy mạnh cuộc tấn công chống lại quân nổi loạn nhưng loại trừ sự can thiệp của quân đội nước ngoài.