The concepts of autonomous motivation, controlled motivation, and amotivation concern a person’s relation to an activity (e.g., writing a report) or sets of activities (e.g., doing one’s job). Thus, they are relatively state-like motivational concepts. These motivational variables are predicted from both (1) aspects of the social environment, including both aspects of the job and the work climate, that can be characterized as autonomy supportive, controlling, or amotivating; and (2) individual differences in causality orientations, namely, the autonomous orientation, the controlled orientation, and the impersonal orientation, which are more trait-like concepts. As such, the degree to which people are autonomously motivated for their jobs would be predicted from the supports for autonomy in their work contexts and their own autonomous causality orientation. Similarly, the degree of their controlled motivation would be predicted from the control in the work context and their own controlled causality orientation. People’s amotivation would be predicted from the amotivating aspect of their work context and from their impersonal orientation. Finally, the concept of basic psychological needs for competence, relatedness, and autonomy specifies the nutriments that are necessary within a social environment for it to be classified as autonomy supportive, controlling, or amotivating.
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