100:00:00,008 --> 00:00:02,103K ocean what sort of assault200:00:03,003 --> 00:00:09,094the hi everyone join here for news at UT300:00:09,094 --> 00:00:13,253space LA recently we got a question frommaine a 7 1984400:00:14,099 --> 00:00:18,100asking why the oceans were salty andeveryone in the office kinda looked at500:00:18,109 --> 00:00:19,490each other when600:00:19,049 --> 00:00:22,848yeah why I'm going to assume she's notasking when the oceans are all sassy and700:00:23,289 --> 00:00:23,293better800:00:23,689 --> 00:00:26,782but instead is asking why their salt inthe oceans but not in our lakes and900:00:27,619 --> 00:00:28,260streams1000:00:28,026 --> 00:00:31,055except some lakes like the Great SaltLake I know1100:00:31,289 --> 00:00:35,550people in Utah and internet trollscheese for stop the salt in the oceans1200:00:35,055 --> 00:00:38,061is ninety percent the same chemicalmakeup as your table salt1300:00:38,061 --> 00:00:41,160good old NaCl sodium chloride is theonly kind of salter is there many1400:00:42,006 --> 00:00:43,010varieties because1500:00:43,064 --> 00:00:46,145assault is just a compound held togetherby an ironic bond what happens is an1600:00:47,045 --> 00:00:48,134Adam steals electron from another1700:00:49,034 --> 00:00:53,098and becomes negatively charged or and aneye on that attracted the positive cat1800:00:53,098 --> 00:00:54,157eye on and two atoms bond1900:00:55,057 --> 00:00:58,476so a lot different chemicals can cometogether and make salts and because it2000:00:58,989 --> 00:01:00,920is the ocean salt is also made a little2100:01:00,092 --> 00:01:03,481magnesium calcium potassium and apolyatomic2200:01:04,309 --> 00:01:07,850an eye on made its offer and fouroxygens called sulfate2300:01:07,085 --> 00:01:10,111but how does the salt get there from therocks on land2400:01:11,011 --> 00:01:15,072actually according the US GeologicalSurvey dissolved co2 in rainwater makes2500:01:15,072 --> 00:01:18,129slightly acidic eroding rocks when itfalls that's not the only tread water2600:01:19,029 --> 00:01:19,998has up its sleeve2700:01:20,259 --> 00:01:24,810and h2o molecule is polar the oxygenatom hogs the electron so it's more2800:01:24,081 --> 00:01:26,179negatively charged on one side and morepositively charged2900:01:27,079 --> 00:01:30,143by hydrogen atoms when salter on waterthey break apart because the only thing3000:01:31,043 --> 00:01:33,128holding them in the crystal shape wasthat my own attraction3100:01:34,028 --> 00:01:37,090once the rain lands it flows downhillcarrying the dissolved minerals and ions3200:01:37,009 --> 00:01:38,101to streams and lakes and rivers3300:01:39,082 --> 00:01:43,125eventually the ocean the USGS alsopoints out salt comes from inside the3400:01:44,025 --> 00:01:44,092ocean to3500:01:44,092 --> 00:01:47,931volcanoes and hydrothermal vents heatwater so cans of some other basalt on3600:01:48,759 --> 00:01:48,768the ocean floor3700:01:49,659 --> 00:01:52,790adding salt to the mix but what is theocean stay salty3800:01:52,079 --> 00:01:55,157because salt has been accumulating therefaster than it leaps some organisms use3900:01:56,057 --> 00:01:56,636assault4000:01:57,149 --> 00:02:00,225or the salt on the ocean floor take someback but the exchange rate isn't even4100:02:00,909 --> 00:02:04,310there's also a factor either thatporation water evaporates the molecule4200:02:04,031 --> 00:02:07,053spread farther apart and the MagneticPole for the vapor is enough to bring4300:02:07,053 --> 00:02:08,053the ions with them4400:02:08,053 --> 00:02:11,081as a result the salt stays behind and itbrings fresh water4500:02:11,081 --> 00:02:14,083so long as the water doesn't get stuckinland allow the Great Salt Lake4600:02:14,083 --> 00:02:18,151slaney levels will stay below point zerofive percent compared to the 3.5 percent4700:02:19,051 --> 00:02:19,133average salinity4800:02:20,033 --> 00:02:23,862the oceans so there's lots of water uphere on the service but it turns out4900:02:24,159 --> 00:02:25,195there might be plenty more5000:02:25,519 --> 00:02:29,572hundreds of miles below doctor Karenbond our guest host this episode the5100:02:30,049 --> 00:02:30,910news explain5200:02:30,091 --> 00:02:34,116it's often speculated that water istrapped in the transition zone5300:02:35,016 --> 00:02:38,955or the area between the upper and thelower mantle layers of our planet and5400:02:39,099 --> 00:02:41,163scientists have actually been lookingfor it for decades5500:02:41,739 --> 00:02:44,750this video was made because I love yourquestion we read them we store then we5600:02:44,849 --> 00:02:46,110pick the ones we want to tackle5700:02:46,011 --> 00:02:49,042that interest us or that we think you'lllike keep sending them our way in the5800:02:49,042 --> 00:02:51,090comments or on Facebook and Twitter at@attnews5900:02:51,009 --> 00:02:52,016and I'll see all next time
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