construction is the realization phase of the civil engineering process, following conception and design. it is the role of the constructor to turn the ideas of the planner and the detailed plans of the designer into physical realityconstruction projects are complex and time-consuming undertakings that require the interaction and cooperation of many different persons to accomplish. all projects must be completed in accordance with specific project plans and specifications, along with other contract restrictions that may be imposed on the production operations. Essentially, all civil engineering construction projects are unique. Regardless of the similarity to other projects, there are always distinguishing elements of each project that make it unique, such as the type of soil, the exposure to weather, the human resources assigned to the project, the social and political climate, and so on. in manufacturing, raw resources are brought to a factory with a fairly controlled environment, in construction, the factory is set up on site and production is accomplished in an uncertain environment
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