A nuclear receptor coactivator enhances transcriptional activation by interacting with nuclearreceptors bound to DNA. The nuclear receptors that are affected, such as the estrogen receptor,androgen receptor, and thyroid receptor, play important roles in a wide variety of biologicalprocesses including development, homeostasis, and reproduction (Leo and Chen, 2000). Thenegatively charged DNA has a strong interaction with the positive charge of the histone N termini, and the tight nucleo some structure represses the transcription of the DNA by inhibiting the binding of general transcription factors to the gene (Jenster et al., 1997). Coactivators are proteins that enhance the transcriptional activation function of the nuclear receptors due to histone acetyltransferase activity and by providing bindings sites for other cofactors to form astable pre initiation complex (Leo and Chen, 2000). There is a biological rationale, therefore,for the observed finding of an association between polymorphism in NCOA1 and some prolificacy traits in pigs A second animal population supplied by Genex Swine Group, Canada, will be analyzed for the NCOA1-Rsa1 polymorphism. This population also consists of Meishan x Large White dam line nucleus herds. Both populations, Genex and Roslin crosses, will be analyzed for each parity for the polymorphism reported here and for others that may be identified during our further examination of the NCOA1 gene.
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