There are considerable differences in the physical build-up of different nations and ethnic groups and account should be taken of the physiological characteristics of the populace of the ultimate customer country when designing machinery and its associated safeguards. There is a great body of reference statistical data on this subject.For muscles to work effectively they need to have a good supply of oxygen which is delivered to them by the blood circulating around the body. The quantity flowing into the arms and hands will be determined by their position relative to the heart. Below the level of the heart, the lower the position the greater the flow of blood. Above the level of the heart, the higher the limb the less the flow of blood. Ideally, the position of hands and arms when operating safeguards and controls should be between waist and shoulder levels.Similarly, muscular movement causes blood to flow whereas static positions tend to restrict the blood flow. Wherever possible in the operation of machines the holding of controls or safeguarding devices in one position for any length of time should be avoided. Removable guards should be designed so that they can be lifted into a channel or slot – to locate and take the weight – while the securing means are being applied. Where handles are fitted to assist replacement they should be in such a position on the guard that a natural posture can be adopted for the guard’s replacement, but they should be above the centre of gravity of the guard otherwise it will be unstable when lifted. The weight of a removable guard must be within the lifting capacity of the operator and be as light as possible commensurate with providing the level of safety required.Body movements should follow natural physiological paths avoiding repetitive and body twisting movements. Where loads are required to be lifted or moved, mechanical assistance should be provided. Lifting while seated should be avoided if possible, if not the forces and movement required should be within the accepted ergonomic limits for a seated person.If it is necessary to view work or operations through a guard in which an aperture is provided, the aperture should be at a level where it can be used naturally and does not require the operator to stoop or stretch upwards since both of these actions are potentially tiring and stressful.Vì vậy, bàn tay-fed máy, nguồn cấp dữ liệu cần về chiều cao eo. Nơi một số nhà khai thác vào các thay đổi khác nhau đang làm việc tại một trạm nguồn cấp dữ liệu, nó có thể là cần thiết để cung cấp một nền tảng thấp cho các nhà khai thác ngắn hơn để đứng trên.Bất cứ nơi nào có thể, lập trường của nhà điều hành khi hoạt động máy nên được tự nhiên với vụng về tư thế được tránh.
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