To investigate this possibility, we sort years according to whether the presidency is heldby a Democrat or a Republican and then sort years according to whether the January VW(or EW) excess returns are positive or negative. It turns out that, with both VW and EWmarket returns, there is a modestly higher propensity for January returns to be positiveduring Democratic administrations and a modestly higher propensity for January returnsto be negative during Republican administrations. For example, with VW returns, thereare 25 positive Januarys when a Democrat sat in the White House and 16 positive Januaryswhen a Republican sat in the White House. In contrast, there are only eight negativeJanuarys when a Democrat is president while there are 15 negative Januarys when aRepublican is president.
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